听写52常见的碱碱的化学性质化学用语每日听写1.请写出下列碱的化学式。氢氧化钠,氢氧化钙,氢氧化钾氨水,氢氧化钡,氢氧化铝,氢氧化镁,氢氧化铜2.请写出下列有关碱的反应的化学方程式。(1)氢氧化钠在空气中变质：(2)澄清石灰水变浑浊：(3)用氢氧化钠溶液吸收三氧化硫：在下面空白处把写错的化学式或化学方程式订正过来。核心要点每课过关3.氢氧化钠俗称、烧碱、,在空气中易和；氢氧化钙俗称,其水溶液俗称4.不同的碱具有相似的化学性质：(1)能使紫色石蕊溶液,能使无色酚酞溶液(2)碱十→金属化合物十62化学·九年级全·RJ·广西

听写52常见的碱碱的化学性质化学用语每日听写1.请写出下列碱的化学式。氢氧化钠,氢氧化钙,氢氧化钾氨水,氢氧化钡,氢氧化铝,氢氧化镁,氢氧化铜2.请写出下列有关碱的反应的化学方程式。(1)氢氧化钠在空气中变质：(2)澄清石灰水变浑浊：(3)用氢氧化钠溶液吸收三氧化硫：在下面空白处把写错的化学式或化学方程式订正过来。核心要点每课过关3.氢氧化钠俗称、烧碱、,在空气中易和；氢氧化钙俗称,其水溶液俗称4.不同的碱具有相似的化学性质：(1)能使紫色石蕊溶液,能使无色酚酞溶液(2)碱十→金属化合物十62化学·九年级全·RJ·广西

A.通过装置1仅仅能探究出酵母菌是否进行有氧呼吸B.用水代替NaOH溶液设置装置2，通过装置2液滴的移动情况可以探究出酵母菌是否进行无氧呼吸C.用水代替NOH溶液设置装置2，如果装置1中液滴左移，装置2中液滴右移，说明酵母菌既进行有氧呼吸，又进行无氧呼吸D.用水代替NaOH溶液设置装置2，装置2中液滴可能向左移15.叶面积系数是指单位土地面积上的叶面积总和，它与植物群体光合速率、呼吸速率及干物质积累速率之间的关系如图1所示。图2为来自树冠不同层的甲、乙两种叶片的净光合速率变化图解。下列说法正确的是速率净群体光合速率光甲群体呼吸速率群体干物质积累速率率光照强度a b叶面积系数图1图2A.0段群体光合作用速率和干物质积累速率均增加B.ab段群体光合速率增加量大于群体呼吸速率增加量C.c点时甲、乙两种叶片固定CO2的速率相同D.乙净光合速率最大时所需光照强度低于甲，可判断乙叶片来自树冠上层16.图1表示某植物光合作用和细胞呼吸过程示意图，字母代表有关物质，数字代表代谢过程，图2为探究密闭装置中不同温度对该植物叶肉细胞光合速率和呼吸速率的影响。下列叙述正确的是14.01魔910.0口光下0，产生量CH06D回8.06.0■黑暗中○，消耗量4.0⑤温度图1图2A.图1中产生O2的是过程③，消耗O2的是过程⑤B.图1中D是HI,E是ATP和NADPHC.图2温度为t3时，叶肉细胞的实际光合速率为12.5mghD.图2温度为4时，植物体光合速率等于呼吸速率17.细胞分裂周期-25双特异性磷酸酶(CDC25)通过作用于磷酸化状态的细胞周期蛋白依赖激醇(CDK),在控制细胞周期进程中发挥关键作用。CDC25A(CDC25的一种)能使几种CDK去磷酸化，从而调控细胞分裂间期向分裂期过渡。CDC25A基因的过量表达与许多癌症类型的肿瘤发展相关。CDC25A调节异常与细胞周期改变和调亡的抑制有关。下列叙述错误的是A.CDC25可通过作用于CDK来调控细胞周期B.CDC25A基因过量表达时容易导致细胞周期缩短C.CDC25A调节异常后，细胞调亡相关基因的表达量增加D.通过放疗、化疗方法导致的细胞死亡属于细胞坏死18.盐碱胁迫下植物应激反应产生的H2O2对细胞有毒害作用。禾本科农作物AT1蛋白通过调节细兰州一中高三年级期中生物试卷第4页共8页

兰州一中2023-2024-1学期期中考试试题高三生物说明：本试卷分第〡卷（选择题）和第川卷（非选择题）两部分，其中第〡卷每题只有一个选项符合题意。满分100分，考试时间75分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。第I卷（选择题）(第110题每小题2分，第1120题每小题3分，共50分)1.颤蓝细菌分布广泛，它含有光合色素可以进行光合作用。下列有关该种细菌的叙述正确的是A.光合色素都分布在叶绿体的类囊体薄膜上B.细胞壁的成分是纤维素和果胶C.DNA双链上各存在一个游离的磷酸基团D.在生态系统的物质循环中发挥作用2.图中表示部分化合物的元素组成，其中数字表示元素。下列相关叙述中不正确的是A.图中所示①②为大量元素，③④为微量元素叶绿素D日③血红蛋白B.人体缺③会影响正常的有氧呼吸功能C.图示化合物合成过程都需要消耗能量核酸.AP②日①甲状腺激素D.甲状腺激素、血红蛋白等从细胞中分泌到细胞外的方式是胞吐3.图甲和图乙表示细胞有丝分裂过程中不同时期的染色体、染色单体和核DNA数量，图丙表示某一时期的图像。下列叙述正确的是数4N数4N☐A■B2N7☑d甲乙丙A.图甲和乙中A表示核DNA,B表示染色单体，C表示染色体B.图丙时期对应图甲，N的数值是3·C.图丙是显微镜下观察的最佳时期，可观察到细胞板出现D.图甲到图乙变化过程中染色体和核DNA均加倍4.真核生物的生物膜将细胞内分隔成不同的“区室”，有利于细胞代谢高效、有序地进行，下列关于细胞内的不同“区室”说法正确的是A.植物细胞的色素分子只储存于双层膜包围成的区域中B.由双层膜包围而成的区域均既可产生ATP,也可消耗ATPC.产生水的反应既可发生在双层膜包围的区域，也可发生在无膜包围的区域D.蛋白质、糖类、核酸、脂质的合成均发生于单层膜围成的区域中5.生物学实验需要选择合适的实验材料。下列叙述正确的是A.选择水绵和需氧型细菌探究水绵细胞光合放氧的部位B.选择过氧化氢和过氧化氢酶探究温度对晦活性的景影响C.选择洋葱鳞片叶外表皮细胞观察细胞有丝分裂的过程D.选择黑藻根部细胞观察叶绿体的分布与细胞质的流动6.如图所示为细胞核结构模式图，下列叙述正确的是A.哺乳动物成熟红细胞中，RNA通过结构⑤时需要消耗ATPB.衰老细胞的细胞核中，结构④变得松散、染色加深兰州一中高三年级期中生物试卷第1页共8页

1.萨经元受藏目*生的电位变化图所示，淞图判断、下刘说试稍试地是有激15“惊魂木广“目人或动物进州偏小制激时、水tt过。子++命肩N时置中的突触处发生是杂的雪化、心生的种特健增课的突触装位、导暖紧米的静息时，神经元外正内负的膜电位主要与K外流有关情结入入人能静、其机弹如闲网小，其小N八尽催化N)合成的椭卜到有关叙述合献联B刺激后，兴奋部位的动作电位主要是Na内流引起的智误目C刺激后，膜内局部电流的方向与兴奋传导的方向相反D兴奋后，神经元的细胞膜又会恢复到静息电位的状态.谷氨限与八漫体结合：使八N内流、会1☒酮体是脂肪酸分解代谢的中间产物，其酸性较强。在帆饿条件下.一段时内人休血浆中他神制神的儿的代命萄糖和酮体浓度变化的趋势如图所示。下列叙述正确的是个氨酸'与N登体结合能假讲(A内渝进人神龄儿？刷体(.相胞内(a浓度升高会健讲N)的合成能制钠)N()能促进谷氨酸的释放，从m字破紧张的情第气气脂静二、选择题：本顺共5小颗，何小顺3分，共分。在每小给出的四个选通中，有时间A饥饿条件下，下丘脑可通过交感神经调节胰高血钠素的分泌是符合题目要求的。金部选对得分，选对但不拿得1分，有洗错得分B饥饿条件下，胰岛素的分泌会增加，肝糖原的分解会加快16.图1表小哀冲经纤堆受刺激膜电位的变化情况。川「X物庙外哪神龄鲜维以长时间不进食会引起脂肪代谢加快，脂肪大址地转化为糖类刺激：膜电位的变化情况如图2所小。卜列椒述错闲的基D.长时间不进食后，注射的葡萄糖溶液的作用只是为细胞提供能量13.研究人员测定了正常大鼠和经药物处理后的甲减（甲状腺功能减退）大鼠簸组织邵位的甲状腺激素受体和乙酰胆碱含量的变化情况，结果如表所示。下列有关什析错误的形位检测指标乙酰塑减含量/八g“g)正常组甲域组图时间/海甲状浆煮素受体含量/(m0l·8)116.0287.71入.图1中点时的膜电位表现为外角内图方(0.57↓甲减大鼠伴随有代谢缓慢，精神菱靡等症状0.97B,图1中段膜电位变化手要与细胞十朗运输Nn有美B甲减大鼠乙酰塑碱含量下降会影响兴奋的传递心甲减大鼠体内促甲状家煮素释蚊煮素的含量较高C,若将乡神经纤维置于高浓度N隋液中则（点会卜移D.甲状募煮素减少会弃制甲状象煮素受体基因的表达)御图2可知，TTX物质可能促进了（月内流14K即是K即存经元1与Kp斧经元2产生的肽类激素，其能17.人体自主神您系统对消化系统佛分瑞官的支情况如表所斥。卜圳般止确人造过得节生物体内嗟煮素的变化来调控生殖活动，相关作效成细膨久感神经用机荨如函新示：下列舒芳的是神你，质削久婚帅龄牌元料滑肌些休类煅A腺体A麦示件，影持异任麦达GRH受体作用NA神？角质受体勇塑B促在豫煮素适过件减定向运输至泉巢◆%小肠滑积张NA("h,MC喉煮素较多对可意进差经个来辛长其分2量钻妈肌:张NAMD.K知挎超元2与K知神经元1对是看老的珀广不◆%领Al'h复1多意常A兜神丝和明久忽裤靴属子传人神伦)A人

The report appears in the Lancet Medical Journal.A.drink.B.fuel.D.wooden product.produce anyadd hemicalsthad be dangerous to people.Earlier this year,the British Journal of Sports MedicineC.natural food.32.What is the third paragraph mainly about?published new guidelines for concussions in children and teens.(十一)30.What do we know about Bio-bean?A.The terrible situations of HIV infections.International experts said 40.The brain also needs a"rest",theyA.It's developing faster than Starbucks.say,by restricting activities like video games,texting and watchingB.It is started to produce coffee and fuels.BThenpddedopnmeatofArcC.The practical ways to cure AIDS.TV.The experts say young people often take longer than adults toC.It is a promising recycler of coffee groundsD.The efforts made by the United Nations考生须9题前，在规D.It is a high-tech company with a long history.33.In whichwayill the rice be used at the lowest cost?recover from a concussion.31.What does the underlined phrase "get to scale"in the lastA.no bleeding from the wound和姓名。ABytransiormingitiaioproretnsB.no loss of consciousness for more than five seconds作答时，必paragraph mean?A.Cover a wide range.B.Do mass productionB.By procentr案进行修C.lying in bed with any movement should be the best way净，注意不通必须用C.Give accurate measurement.D.Reduce the pollutionC.By attaching it to the HrD.they should not return to sports or school until fully recoveredD.By adding it toan ora drug.E.more children than necessary are being exposed to radiation this作答题卡对店According to a recent study,a new genetically modified(转基因What uthetierocway$题，切黑色边卡)rice can prevent infections of HIV.the virus responsible for theAtpreventf HIVF.the guidelines are similar-except there should be no loss ofBIhas roduced dangerous chemicals.先用铅disease AIDS.C.Iee develoedrdconsciousness米黑色The study reports the newly-developed rice produces proteins(D.It requires futher testing tore the safety.G.the risk of developing cancer from the radiation outweighed the risk清洁)that attach directly to the HIV virus.This process keeps theof a serious brain injury5.From which is the text probably taken?第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）virus from mixing with human cells.The scientists say it can removeA.A biology textbook.第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）the effect of the virus and block its spreading.B.A first aid brochure.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选沿笔The Joint United Nations Progsam on HIV/AIDS reports thatC.A social web page.worldwide,nearly 37 million people were living with HIV in 2017.出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。D.A health magazine.The organization says the largest number of those are in developing第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）It's a small gas station that has snacks,drinks,cigarettes,andcountries.Nearly two-thirds of HIV cases are in Africa.Now there is根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。candies.The young man behind the counter knows his 41 byno cure for HIV/AIDS though there have been developments in oral选项中有两项为多余选项。name and what they 42 want to buy.He treats children anddrug treatments to slow the progression of the disease.A concussion()happens when the brain is shaken,often in aadults with equal 43.He reads science fiction behind the counterThe new study predicts the rice-based method will lead to long-car crash or a fall or a strike to the head in sports.Concussions can bewhen business is 44.term use of the anti-HIV treatment across the developing world.mild,but doctors may order a CT scan to look for a more seriousOne day,three people rushed in and 45 food off the shelvesResearchers said the "groundbreaking"discovery is "realistically theinjury.CT provides a detailed image of the brain.But a recent studyas fast as they could,obviously not 46 to pay for it.He hit the"only way"that anti-HIV combination treatments can be produced at awarned that 36.emergency button"and then went over the counter and 47 thecost low enough for the developing world.A national team led by two doctors at the University offront door.It was obvious they were homeless,and 48 obviousThey say the easiest and most cost-effective way to use the riceCalifornia,Davis,studied hospital records from thousands of childrenthat they weren't going anywhere with their ill-gotten 49.Theywill be to make it into a cream to be put on the skin.The HIV-with head injuries.They found that in many cases,37.dropped the food and simply crowded together in 50-knowingfighting proteins can then enter the body through the skin.People allThe researchers have developed rules to predict if a head injury isthe police were on the way.Imagine what they must have felt like when they were told theyover the world could grow the rice and make the cream themselves.serious enough for a scan.For children under two,doctors areadvised against it if there is:normal mental activity,no swelling indidn't have to steal if they were that 51."We have food in theThis would prevent the cost and travel required for many patients toback,expired (but still 52 to eat.If you need food,you canreceive treatments and medicine.the back of the head,no feeling of a broken bone in the skull andhave some.The process of changing the genetic structure of food crops has38een debated for some time.Critics of genetically engineered cropsDoctors should also consider how the child was injured andThey were told to picked up what they had 53 and put itelieve they can harm people.The scientific team says further testingwhether the parents say the child is acting normally.back,then asked to straighten out the 54.They were doing justneeded to ensure that the genetic engineering process does notFor patients from two to eighteen,39.that 55 the police arrived.The officers were told the situation3-93-83-7

21.(12分)已知数列a的前n和为S,且5.一4，-1(1)求数列{an}的通项公式；2设数列安的前和为7，正明：1)

-