33.（12分）（3）围湖造田(2）集中大（1）流水侵蚀32.（14分）（3）大量排放二氧化碳，会导致吸收地面长波辐射能力增强，大气逆辐射增强，保温作用增(2）青戴高原海拔高，空气稀薄，大气对太阳辐射削弱作用小；晴天多，日照时间长；大气中强，从而导致全球气候变暖。（1）地面辐射大气逆辐射尘埃含量少，透明度高，到达地面的太阳辐射量多。31.（14分）(3)迁出地：植被覆盖率提升，生态环境修复；迁人地：增加劳动力，促进经济发展；迁移人二、非选择题（共3小题，计40分）口；提高居民收入，改善生活水。(2)草地减少；耕地、建设用地增加。(1)海拔相对较低，气温相对较高;降水相对较多,河谷汇聚水流，水源充足;河谷地带，地形目要求的）坦，土壤肥沃。原坦慢水土流失疏浚河道水能开发流水堆积航运地理模拟卷（七）答案

得以研精极虑，穷竭所有，日力不足，继之以夜。遍阅旧史，旁采小说，简牍盈积，浩如烟海，执摘幽隐，校计豪厘。上起战国，下终五代，凡一千三百六十二年，修成二百九十四卷。又略举事目，年经国纬，以备检寻，为目录三十卷。又参考群书，评其同异，俾归一涂，为《考异》三十卷。合三百五十四卷。自治开局，迄今始成，岁月淹久，其间抵梧，不敢自保，罪负之重，固无所逃。臣光诚惶诚惧，顿首顿首。元丰七年十一月进呈（节选自司马光《进书表》）材料二：朕惟君子多识前言往行以畜其德，故能刚健笃实，辉光日新。《书》亦日：“王，人求多闻，鉴不远，在夏后之世。”故赐其书名曰《资治通鉴》，以著朕之志焉耳。（节选自《资治通鉴序御制》）[注]承受：联络官。10.材料一中画波浪线的部分有三处需要断句，请用铅笔将答题卡上相应应置的答案标号涂黑。（3分）会差A知B永兴军C以衰疾D不任E治剧F乞就G宫H陛下I俯从所欲11.下列对材料中加点的词语及相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（3分）“，中“聚，《》气“昊，“，中“，《》“，12.下列对材料有关内容的概述，不正确的一项是（3分）A.司马光认为，尽管自己对历代史书情有独钟，但若没有两代皇上全力支持，仅凭一己之力，《资治通鉴》是无法编成的。B.司马光认为，即使作为没有公务的文人学士，阅读前史尚且不能遍及，更何况日理万机的君王，哪有空闲去全部浏览。C.虽然司马光竭尽心力编撰《资治通鉴》，但其中仍有许多前后抵触、矛盾之处，文章将司马光诚惶诚恐的心态表露无遗。完成，是一部编年体史书。13.把材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（8分）（1）又略举事目，年经国纬，以备检寻，为目录三十卷。（4分）（2）朕惟君子多识前言往行以畜其德，故能刚健笃实，辉光日新。（4分）14.请简要概括司马光编纂《资治通鉴》的目的。（3分）（二）古代诗歌阅读（本题共2小题，9分）阅读下面这首宋诗，完成15～16小题。秋日山居徐玑闲来扫石坐云根，万壑松声入酒樽。山鸟不惊人意静，数峰斜照自黄昏。[注]①徐玑：南宋诗人，“永嘉四灵”之一，一生不仕，隐居山林。15.下列对这首诗的理解和赏析，不正确的一项是（3分）高二语文 试题第5页(共6页)

试我终无法为它护短。上对（摘编自朱光潜《诗论》)答材料二：民族在领悟人生真谛时的独特优势。来那么，中华先民们究竞是如何感受人生、领悟人生真谛的呢？让我们以春秋战国时代最重要的两位思想家孔子、庄子为例。孔子在政治活动彻底失败后，又以韦编三绝的精神从事学术也教育工作，真正做到了“发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至”，正是这种积极有为的人生态度使他对生命感到充实、自信，从而在对真与善的追求中获得了审美的愉悦感，并升华进入诗的境界。庄子虽是以浪漫的态度来对待人生，他所追求的是超越现实环境的绝对自由，但在追求人生的精神境界而鄙薄物质享受这一点上则与儒家殊途同归。那么，为什么中华文化得天独厚地具备追求诗意人生的内在可能性呢？换句话说，为什么中华文化能成为抒情诗茁壮生长的丰沃土壤呢？我们不妨以西方文化作为参照物来作一些考察。柏拉图是古希腊最为权威的思想家，至少在15世纪以前，柏拉图的理论对欧洲的诗歌思想有着决定性的影响。由于柏拉图认为人类社会只是“理式世界”的摹本，所以把人间生活作为描写对象的诗人是应被逐出“理想国”的。在古希腊的文化体系中，柏拉图的观点是完全合理的：既然世界的主宰是天上的诸神，既然人类是匍匐在诸神脚下的渺小生灵，那么以人类生活及其思想感情为内容的诗歌还能有什么价值呢？而且既然人类的一切力量都来自神的恩赐，那么诗人的灵感又如何能例外呢？在中华文化中，诗歌的主体是人，诗歌描写的客体也是人，所以诗歌创作是自然而然的情感流露，以抒情为基本功能的诗歌成为中华文化中最耀眼的一道光彩，而（摘编自莫砺锋《中华文化与诗意生存》)1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是(3分)A.中国古代叙友朋交谊的诗多于叙男女恋爱的诗，赠答酬唱的作品占了中国诗数量的大半。【高二年级期中考试·语文试卷第2页（共8页）】

试我终无法为它护短。上对（摘编自朱光潜《诗论》)答材料二：民族在领悟人生真谛时的独特优势。来那么，中华先民们究竞是如何感受人生、领悟人生真谛的呢？让我们以春秋战国时代最重要的两位思想家孔子、庄子为例。孔子在政治活动彻底失败后，又以韦编三绝的精神从事学术也教育工作，真正做到了“发愤忘食，乐以忘忧，不知老之将至”，正是这种积极有为的人生态度使他对生命感到充实、自信，从而在对真与善的追求中获得了审美的愉悦感，并升华进入诗的境界。庄子虽是以浪漫的态度来对待人生，他所追求的是超越现实环境的绝对自由，但在追求人生的精神境界而鄙薄物质享受这一点上则与儒家殊途同归。那么，为什么中华文化得天独厚地具备追求诗意人生的内在可能性呢？换句话说，为什么中华文化能成为抒情诗茁壮生长的丰沃土壤呢？我们不妨以西方文化作为参照物来作一些考察。柏拉图是古希腊最为权威的思想家，至少在15世纪以前，柏拉图的理论对欧洲的诗歌思想有着决定性的影响。由于柏拉图认为人类社会只是“理式世界”的摹本，所以把人间生活作为描写对象的诗人是应被逐出“理想国”的。在古希腊的文化体系中，柏拉图的观点是完全合理的：既然世界的主宰是天上的诸神，既然人类是匍匐在诸神脚下的渺小生灵，那么以人类生活及其思想感情为内容的诗歌还能有什么价值呢？而且既然人类的一切力量都来自神的恩赐，那么诗人的灵感又如何能例外呢？在中华文化中，诗歌的主体是人，诗歌描写的客体也是人，所以诗歌创作是自然而然的情感流露，以抒情为基本功能的诗歌成为中华文化中最耀眼的一道光彩，而（摘编自莫砺锋《中华文化与诗意生存》)1.下列对材料相关内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是(3分)A.中国古代叙友朋交谊的诗多于叙男女恋爱的诗，赠答酬唱的作品占了中国诗数量的大半。【高二年级期中考试·语文试卷第2页（共8页）】

涡阳县 2025 年初中毕业学业考试模拟试卷2025.4数学参考答案、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题4分，满分40分）题号123456答案BCDBBCDA10.【解析】①:AB=AC,AE=CF=n,BE=AF=m，点E,F分别在直角边AB,AC上运动(不与端点重合)，u+u +故结论①正确；②:A=90°,在Rt△AFE 中,AF=m,AE=n,EF=p,由勾股定理得:AF²+AE²=EF²,即m²+n²=p²故结论②正确；③连接AD,设AD=h，如图所示：在△ABC 中,0，√2(m+n)此时p>h，即p>√2(m+n）:p≥,且等号可以取到，故结论③正确.2综上所述：正确的结论是①②③.二、填空题(本大题共4小题,每小题5分，满分20分)11.2 12.2 13.6 14.(1)-(2)253九年级数学参考答案第1页(共4页)三、(本大题共2小题，每小题8分，满分16分)(x-1)215.解：原式=x-1当x=√2+1时，原式=√2+1-1·8分16.解：设有x人，该物品的价值为元，(8x-y=3依题意得：,解得：

因为PA=AD=PD=4.PO=（4√2）²-（2√2）=2√6由（1）知BD1面PAD由PDC面PAD可得BDIPD在R△PBD中.S#X42x42=166分X4X4=8所以L面PADPO·SX26×8166#面ABCD#AD310分设点C到面PBD的距离为k，由V所以点C到面 PBD的距离为6

九科星10.cultural空格处在句中作定语,修饰名词 creativity,故填形容词 cultural。艺考生专项第6页共6页

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）A. Suggests.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。B. Informs.C.Reminds.D.Forecasts.Four Tips to Get Better Sleep31. What does the author think of the ancient stone tools?Do you spend too many nights trying to fallasleep? You are not alone. Nearly onethird of AmericanA. They are signs that humans walked upright.B. They were advanced tools at ancient times.C. They prove that humans started hunting.D. They are key points in human development.simple ideas:DCreate a buffer zone(缓冲区)While in this “buffer zone,” you should not check email, pay bills, do housework,least 10 years of human-monkey conflict.your bedtime.36The monkeys that live in Lopburi are a symbol of local culture and a major tourist atraction. Butor look on social media. Instead, try to relaxwitha book, enjoy a fun activity or spend tme with lovedones.Watch what you eatcontrol the monkey population have failed. Local people and businesses say they have had enough.large job todo right before sleepat a time when things are supposed tobe shutting down Butdonotgominor. But two serious monkey attacks took place last month. A monkey pulld a woman down to the38 They should be good like cheese or peanut butter on whole grainto bed very hungry, either.ground when trying to take her food. The woman suffered a serious knee injury. In the other attack, abread.hungry monkey pushed a man off a motorcycle.Avoid coffe and alcohol(酒) Officials hope to catch 2,500 of the monkeys and place them in large enclosures(围栏), said Athapol Having an alcoholic drink or strong coffe after dinner could lead to a long night. While alcohol canCharoenshunsa. He is the director-general of the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Planthelp you fall asleep at first, it can also hurt your sleep cycle. 39 The chances that you will wake upmore often in the middle of the night increase.Conservation. They will work with wildlife experts to find a way for a limited number of monkeys to staySee your doctor in the city. “I don't want humans to have to hurt monkeys, and I don't want monkeys to have to hurtIf youare stillhaving a hard time getting a good night's sleepafter more than ne month of trying.The doctor will help you find the cause of yourhumans," he told reporters in Bangkok.experts say it is time to go to a doctor. 40 sleeplessness and give you better advice.far. Most of those animals were placed under the care of wildlife officials in the nearby province ofA. Try small amounts of food.B. As a result, the quality of sleep drops.Saraburi. Others were sent to the Lopburi zoo.Officials said they plan to catch more monkeys once the enclosures are complete. Separate cages willC. Some of the major causes are stress, and anxiety.D. Eating a large meal before bedtime can also hurt your sleep.E. You need to understand what your body needs and try to meet it.The monkeys are a symbol of the province, about 140 kilometers north of Bangkok. But someF. This is especially true if your sleepless nights hurt your work or mood.experts have blamed the city's monkey troubles on tourists and local people feeding the animals. TheyG. Leaving your work and daily responsibilities alone about an hour before bed.say feeding them led more monkeys to enter the city in search of food.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）32.Why do monkeys hurt people?D. To protect their safety.C. To scare them off.第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）B. To grab their food.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C,D 四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。A. To play a trick.Lukas MeClish, 34, of Boulder Creek, has been rescued after being lost for 10 days in the Santa33. What will happen to the monkeys in the city?B. They will be raised in large cagesCruz Mountains.The eager hiker had 41for what he thought would be a brief threehour hike, butA. Most of them will be hunted.D. They'll be driven back into forests.the adventure turned 42 when he became confused, unable to 43 landmarks(地标)that had beenC. They are kept to a certain number.changed by recent fires.34. What human behavior do some experts blame?B. Treating monkeys cruelly.44 to arrive for a Father's Day dinner on June 16, his family reported himWhen MeClishA.Feeding monkeys.D. Getting too close to monkeys.missing, requesting a widespread search.C, Teasing monkeys rudely.“I45with just a pair of pants,my hiking shoes, and a hat.Ihad a flashlight and a pair of35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Monkeys in Thai Cities Are Both Good and BadB. Human Activities Drive Monkeys into Thai City英语第6页（共8页）C. Tourists Are Banned to Feed Monkeys in ThailandD. Officials Plan to End Monkey Attacks in Thai City英语第5页（共8页）

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）A. Suggests.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。B. Informs.C.Reminds.D.Forecasts.Four Tips to Get Better Sleep31. What does the author think of the ancient stone tools?Do you spend too many nights trying to fallasleep? You are not alone. Nearly onethird of AmericanA. They are signs that humans walked upright.B. They were advanced tools at ancient times.C. They prove that humans started hunting.D. They are key points in human development.simple ideas:DCreate a buffer zone(缓冲区)While in this “buffer zone,” you should not check email, pay bills, do housework,least 10 years of human-monkey conflict.your bedtime.36The monkeys that live in Lopburi are a symbol of local culture and a major tourist atraction. Butor look on social media. Instead, try to relaxwitha book, enjoy a fun activity or spend tme with lovedones.Watch what you eatcontrol the monkey population have failed. Local people and businesses say they have had enough.large job todo right before sleepat a time when things are supposed tobe shutting down Butdonotgominor. But two serious monkey attacks took place last month. A monkey pulld a woman down to the38 They should be good like cheese or peanut butter on whole grainto bed very hungry, either.ground when trying to take her food. The woman suffered a serious knee injury. In the other attack, abread.hungry monkey pushed a man off a motorcycle.Avoid coffe and alcohol(酒) Officials hope to catch 2,500 of the monkeys and place them in large enclosures(围栏), said Athapol Having an alcoholic drink or strong coffe after dinner could lead to a long night. While alcohol canCharoenshunsa. He is the director-general of the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Planthelp you fall asleep at first, it can also hurt your sleep cycle. 39 The chances that you will wake upmore often in the middle of the night increase.Conservation. They will work with wildlife experts to find a way for a limited number of monkeys to staySee your doctor in the city. “I don't want humans to have to hurt monkeys, and I don't want monkeys to have to hurtIf youare stillhaving a hard time getting a good night's sleepafter more than ne month of trying.The doctor will help you find the cause of yourhumans," he told reporters in Bangkok.experts say it is time to go to a doctor. 40 sleeplessness and give you better advice.far. Most of those animals were placed under the care of wildlife officials in the nearby province ofA. Try small amounts of food.B. As a result, the quality of sleep drops.Saraburi. Others were sent to the Lopburi zoo.Officials said they plan to catch more monkeys once the enclosures are complete. Separate cages willC. Some of the major causes are stress, and anxiety.D. Eating a large meal before bedtime can also hurt your sleep.E. You need to understand what your body needs and try to meet it.The monkeys are a symbol of the province, about 140 kilometers north of Bangkok. But someF. This is especially true if your sleepless nights hurt your work or mood.experts have blamed the city's monkey troubles on tourists and local people feeding the animals. TheyG. Leaving your work and daily responsibilities alone about an hour before bed.say feeding them led more monkeys to enter the city in search of food.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）32.Why do monkeys hurt people?D. To protect their safety.C. To scare them off.第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）B. To grab their food.阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C,D 四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。A. To play a trick.Lukas MeClish, 34, of Boulder Creek, has been rescued after being lost for 10 days in the Santa33. What will happen to the monkeys in the city?B. They will be raised in large cagesCruz Mountains.The eager hiker had 41for what he thought would be a brief threehour hike, butA. Most of them will be hunted.D. They'll be driven back into forests.the adventure turned 42 when he became confused, unable to 43 landmarks(地标)that had beenC. They are kept to a certain number.changed by recent fires.34. What human behavior do some experts blame?B. Treating monkeys cruelly.44 to arrive for a Father's Day dinner on June 16, his family reported himWhen MeClishA.Feeding monkeys.D. Getting too close to monkeys.missing, requesting a widespread search.C, Teasing monkeys rudely.“I45with just a pair of pants,my hiking shoes, and a hat.Ihad a flashlight and a pair of35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Monkeys in Thai Cities Are Both Good and BadB. Human Activities Drive Monkeys into Thai City英语第6页（共8页）C. Tourists Are Banned to Feed Monkeys in ThailandD. Officials Plan to End Monkey Attacks in Thai City英语第5页（共8页）

第20题图（1）小亮用图甲的器材先探究”电流与电压的关系”，请你用笔画线代替导线帮助小亮将电路连接完整。（要求：滑片向左端移动时，电路中的电流变大，且导线不能交叉）（2）闭合开关后，小亮进行了5次实验得出了下表中的数据，其中第4次实验时，电流表指针如图乙所示。由表中数据可知，实验中所用电阻的阻值为实验次数12345电压U/V1.21.62.02.42.8电流I/A0.120.160.200.28（3）完成第4次实验后，向左移动滑动变阻器的滑片P，得到第5次实验数据。根据实验数据可得出结论：在电阻一定的情况下，通过导体的电流与导体两端的电压成比。（4）小亮继续用该电路探究”电流与电阻的关系”。他分别将5只定值电阻接入电路，移动滑动变阻器的滑片，保持电压表示数为2.5V，记录每次电流表的示数。为完成该实验，所用滑动变阻器的最大阻值至少为_Ω。四、计算与推导题（第21题5分，第22题7分，第23题8分，满分20分）21.研究物理问题时，常需要突出研究对象的主要因素，忽略次要因素，将其简化为物理模型。如图甲所示，一个质量分布均匀的轮轴，研究它的特点时可以忽略它的质量，将其简化成一个轻质杠大杆如图乙。已知轮半径R是轴半径r的n倍。G请证明F=n（2）若该轮轴的轴半径r=10cm，轮半径R=50cm，当施加的拉力F=120N时，使重力G=500N物体匀速上升2m，该轮轴的机械效率是多少？（百分号前保留一位小数）↑UV2.52.0G00.1020.30.40.50.61/A十2乙第21题图第22题图22.如图甲所示电路，电源电压恒定，如图乙所示是电阻R和R2的U-I关系图像。已知RSB，如图所示，现将容器B正立放人容器A中，并向容器A中缓慢注水，当水深为h时，容器B恰好对容器A的底部无压力；当水深为h2时，停止注水，并将容器B倾斜，使其进水沉没于容器A中，静止后，容器A中水深为h3，水的密度为px。求：（1）容器B所受的重力；（2）容器A中水深为h2时，容器A对水桌面的压强；AB（3）容器B浸没在容器A中时所受的浮力。第23题图物理模拟试题卷第4页，共4页