绝密★考试结束前2022学年第一学期浙江省绿谷联盟高一建模考试思想政治学科试题卷考生须知：1.本卷共6页，满分100分，考试时间90分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。选择题部分一、判断题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。判断下列说法是否正确，正确的请将答题纸相应题号后的T涂黑，错误的请将答题纸相应题号后的F涂黑)1.国家的本质是阶级统治的工具。2.改革是社会主义制度的根本变革。3.中国特色社会主义制度是我国的最大优势。4.原始社会是人类社会发展的最低阶段，也是人类文明的开端。5.上海自贸区的设立，标志着我国对外开放进入了·个新的阶段。6.社会主义“三大改造”体现了我国调整生产力以适应生产关系状况。7.改革开放是中国共产党所有的理论创新和实践创新紧紧围绕的主题。8.唯物史观和剩余价值学说使社会主义实现了由空想到科学的伟大飞跃。9.资本主义社会的基本矛盾在阶级关系上表现为无产阶级和资产阶级的对立。10.中华人民共和国的诞生，标志着新民主主义革命的结束、社会主义革命的开始。二、选择题（本大题共26小题，11-31每小题2分，共42分，32-36每小题3分，共15分，总分共57分。每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，不选、多选、错选均不得分)11.三星堆迄今己经出土了2700多件古代文物，其中最具代表性的有青铜纵目像、背铜神树、青铜圆轮、青铜立人像等。据此推断当时①广泛使用金属工具②人类迈入文明时代的门槛③人们以采集天然食物为生④人们均分配劳动产品A.①②B.②③C.①④D.③④12.人类社会发展蕴含着一定的社会规律。以下排序中符合人类历史发展进程的是①国家的产生②生产力的发展③阶级的产生④私有制的产生A.①②③④B.①②④③,C.②④③①D.②③①④13.“朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨”出自唐代诗人杜甫的《自京赴奉先咏怀五百字》。与诗句所反映的社会形态相符合的是①封建土地所有制是地主级剥削农民的基础②君主专制、等级森严是封建国家的显著特征③农民阶级和地主阶级的矛盾是社会基本矛盾④地主通过收取地租占有农民的全部劳动成果A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④高一思想政治试题卷第1页共6页

(3)现在从R圆形苹果中取出一林，该苹果植株的基因型可能有。一。种。请选择合适农27的个体作亲代，通过-次杂交实验鉴别，中该圆形幸果是纯合子还是杂合子。不同①选择基因型为的苹果与该苹果杂交，以保证子代基因组合类型和数目最少，便于观察、统计子代的表型和基因型。②结果与结论：意主a.若杂交子代苹果,则该苹果是纯合子，基因型是1b.若杂交子代苹果,则该苹果是杂合子，基因型是24.(1分)下图为某家族的遗传系谱图，甲病相关基因用A,a表示，乙病相关基因用B,b表示，其中一种病的相关基因位于X染色体上，Ⅱ？为甲病杂合子的概率是2/101。回答下列问题：每Ao3b○正常男女眵●患甲病女9T99患乙病男5学生场(1)由遗传系谱图推测，甲病的遗传方式是,理由是蠕(2)I2的基因型是;Ⅱ的基因型是速率(3)Ⅱ4与I2基因型相同的概率是;Ⅲ？为甲病患者的概率是得：。&断的25.(12分)为研发一种活性高、半衰期长的新型降钙素（多肽类激素，临床上用于治疗骨质疏松症)，某科研机构人工合成了两条均含96个碱基的DNA单链，两条链通过24个碱基对形成化是部分双链DNA片段，再利用Klenow酶补，获得双链DNA,过程如图所示。分析并回答答下下列问题：屈3'DNA单链'DNA单链哦丝分3,咖35Klenow酶53'双链DNA臀3些差(1)一个脱氧核苷酸结构中包括(填结构名称)。中都(2)在2条DNA单链合成过程中所需的条件有(3)Klenow酶是一种酶，经Klenow酶补获得的双链DNA有个碱,黑基对。,都(4)用5N标记该双链DNA,再将其置于含“N的培养基中复制2次，测得子代DNA中含有5N的单链占1/4，该现象(填“能”或“不能”)说明DNA的复制方式为半保以留复制而不是全保留复制，理由是出d【高一生物第6页（共6页）】·23-430A·

HN州，c叫wh+H心HaNccltH2NCHc44,tHd24NEhh十o叫15.乙二胺(H,NCH,CH,NH,简写为EDA)是个品个PH常用的分析试剂，为二元弱碱，在水中的电离0.10主要离子方式与氨类似。25℃时，向20mL③25℃时，0.1mol·L-1其盐酸盐溶液DAH,C中m220PH200回答下列入NOH固体（溶液体积变化忽略不计），体5.651)“铬烧系中EDAH、EDAH、EDA三种粒子的浓4.10I(NaOH)2)滤液」度的对数值(lgc)、所加NaOH固体质量与3)“转化O的关系如图所示。下列说法蜡误的是☑BD(“沉星A.乙二胺第一步电离常数的数量级发0)华地B.pH=5时，c(EDAH+)>c(EDA)>CKEDAH+)案的沉C.P时，c(Na+)=c(EDAH+)+2c(EDA)2M4+%叫-M(oH,.tMo9C/13 NaelD.P,时，加入NaOH溶液的质量m2=0.12g16.(Q11分)研究压电材料对于自动化技术具有重要意义。一种有机一无机复合压电材锅+以三、非选择题：本题共5小题，共60分。71:)老在电名水得电8.12分MCM-MCL,的单斜品体结构沿品轴方（级珍如图所不《日原子未国少，晶胞内总共失酸圆醇在含有84个原子。晶煦参数为a≠b≠c,a=y=90°，B=94.838。回答下列问题：变母铃关操VI BMn→bdFeCo Me1的码AnCu7..()基态M原子的价电轨羡示式为3叶4S,在元素周期表中位置为四▣B6(2)1 mol TMCM-MnCl,晶胞中含有Cl原子\mol,含有sp3杂化的中心原子mol;该晶体中提供电子对形成配位键的原子是(3)TMCM性质活浚，一定条件下可分解生成三甩胺[N(CH)],N(CH,)3中N原子的价层奥树构型为鸟单系C中离6于人)生要原因是州&缠州17.(11分上利用石煤矿粉（主要含花@及少量A0s0为原料性广工艺流程如下利型NacI(s气体)水Ca(H)(NH4)2CO310记蝶矿粉一焙烧二49,4水溶转沉一转花沉的一一最烧→V0110202水蒸气滤渣I滤液L。滤渣滤液Ⅱ+5已知：①“水溶”“转沉”“转化"后，所得含钒物质依衣aVO).Ca(VO,)、(NH,)V0,;②不同pH下，V(V)在溶液中的主要存在形式见下表：V高三化学试题第5页（共8页）

鹛答案速查倍速核对有的放矢然"。作者带着11个小孩子去加拉帕戈斯群岛度它们远离冰天雪地的南极，在热带气候中生活。力的结果，它在历史悠久的富兰克林学校占据了三1-10 BACAD CBDCB11—20 ADBAD AEFBG假，那里有不会飞的鸟儿，生活在热带的企鹅，潜水7.B推断题。根据最后一段中的"We know this个楼层，充满了引发游客思考英语的起源和发展21-30 CDADB CACBD 31-35 ACBDB时会有海龟和海狮为伴，这些打破自然规律的体验trip has been a milestone for us.A marked shift in并探索其他语言的特点的游戏区。36.where37.nation's38.critically改变了他们对自然的认识our attitudes towards the natural world is underway"8.D推断题。各选项分析如下：39.are recognized 40.satisfying41.will bridge【熟词新义】curious常用义：ad山.求知欲强的，好奇可知，加拉帕戈斯群岛之旅成了作者一行人生命张冠李戴一第一段提到"Planet Word42.to43.addition44.and的文章义：a山.稀奇古怪，奇特，不寻常中的重要事件是因为它改变了他们对自然的认fils.Franklin School'",表明富兰克林学45.originalIt was a curious feeling,as though we were floating on识。Hay和Hannah的话表明了他们的看法是校具有历史意义，而非语言星球。详解详析查漏补缺触类旁通air.那是一种奇特的感觉，我们仿佛在空中飘浮。如何改变的。易错点拨以偏概全—根据第一段中的"think第一部分阅读【词汇积累】tear oneself away from sth.依依不舍地about..of other languages'"可知，语言星第一节离开，忍痛离去firsthand ad.亲身体验ad,第以偏概全最后一段中虽提到"More than球关注多种语言A手的，从经历中来的milestone n.重要事件，重要ever,I'm interested.our care",但这只是这次【解题导语】本文是应用文，主题语境是"人与社会"。阶段，里程碑marked ad.显而易见的，显著的旅行改变他们对自然认识的一个方面，与无中生有一第一段仅提到语言星球位文章介绍了四款有助于培养孩子想象力的玩具。4.A理解观点题。根据题干中的关键词"the"The Galapagos Islands seem to break the于富兰克林学校，最后一段中的"Local1.B理解具体信息题。根据第二个玩具介绍中的Projects,which designed Planet Word"diving experience"可将解题信息定位至第一段。world's rules'"属于并列的内容，故排除C项。"It allows children to really develop...really come明，语言星球的设计方是Local Projects。结合第一段中作者对潜水环境的描述和最后Cup with their own ideas'"可知，这款玩具让孩子们能句"To not..the wonderland'"可知，作者认为这次【解题导语】本文是说明文，主题语境是"人与社根据第一段中的"visitors can use their用连环画的形式展现他们心中的想法，让孩子们潜水的经历是美妙、吸引人的会”。文章介绍了位于华盛顿的致力于文字和语言sounds...has never been seen before真正提出自己的想法。由此可知，这款玩具对喜心押题有据研究的博物馆—语言星球，游客可以通过声音与D anywhere else'"可推断，语言星球是世界欢自己动手的孩子有帮助，故选B。高考偏好题型博物馆内的展览互动。上首家让参观者通过他们的声音与博物2.A理解具体信息题。根据KidKraft Vintage Play4卷1考考查理解作者对某事物的观点的能【词汇积累】engage with与…建立密切关系；融入馆内的展品互动的博物馆Kitchen部分中的"they'll probably..play different力押题指数★★★★hands-onad.动手的，实际操作的way ad.很，十9.C推断题。本题解题线索在第二段。该段中roles"可知，这款玩具对喜欢角色扮演的孩子有5.D理解具体信息题。根据第二段中的"The only分on a more serious note说，点严肃的的"one more important thing"对应Friedman创建吸引力，故选A。way..by‘panga'.‘Our small motorboat...very【难句分析】The dream and effort of former teacher Ann博物馆的目的，指下文中的"a literate(有文化的)Planet Word的同位语3.C推断题。根据四款玩具介绍中的"developsafe,’"可知，"panga"是一种小型的汽艇，让人们society",再结合Friedman所说的"We need aFriedman,Planet Word fills three floors of the historictheir creative...creations""develop what's on...能够往返于加拉帕戈斯群岛的各个岛眄。句子主语higher level of ability..read people"可知，她的目their own ideas""enjoy toys for make-believe...6.C理解具体信息题。结合第二段中的"WeFranklin School with play areas that invite visitors (to的是进一步提高人们的文化水。that引导定语从句修饰play different roles""encourage imaginative play"take.tropical(热带的)islands crossing thethink about the origins and development of English)10.B理解主旨要义题。第三段主要介绍了语言知，这四款玩具都有助于激发孩子们的想象力。equator'"和第三段中的"You've got penguinsplay areas,其中to think..,English和explore..languages星球内具有各种不同功能的展览，根据该段中BSouth Pole'"可知，加拉帕戈斯群岛处于被赤道贯and explore qualities of other languages)是并列的不定式结构"the magical Library exhibition...showing【解题导语】本文是记叙文，主题语境是"人与自穿的热带地区，加拉帕戈斯企鹅的特别之处在于译文：语言星球是前教师Ann Friedman的梦想和努language in its spoken and written form"可知，本新高考卷·英语押题卷三·答案一13新高考卷·英语押题卷三·答案一14

20222128高分说19.A考查动词时态。根据时间状语“NoW”可知本句时态为现在进行时。20.D考查固定句式。“one of the+-形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定句式，意为“最的..…之一”。七年级第35期第24版高分说二、完形填空【语篇解读】本文主要介绍作者在越南旅游的经历。21.B根据后面提及作者要去沙滩，可知是“穿上”泳衣。look at“看”；pick up"捡起”；giveaway分发”。22.C下一句提到可以在山顶观赏到很棒的风景，可知在这里散步是“美妙的”，可知选C。七年级第35期第24版8

(新教材)高三大一轮总复多维特训卷化学-77.1kJ·mo11,D正确离子向负极移动，阳离子向正极移动，所以溶液中○H向负4.A燃烧热是指1mol纯物质完全燃烧生成指定产物放出的极移动，K+、H+向正极移动，故C错误；原电池反应为自发能量，碳元素变为CO2（g),A项正确：碳在氧气中燃烧生成的氧化还原反应，则常温下，该电池总反应为自发的氧化还原CO时放出的热量比生成CO2放出的热量少，C(s,石墨)+反应，故D错误。10(g)—C0g)△H>-bkJ·mol',B项错误；根据7.C放电时，Pb失电子，作负极，A项正确：放电时，阴离子移向负极，故SO移向Pb电极，B项正确；充电时，原电池的盖斯定律，③一①一②=④，△H=(a+b-c)kJ·mol-1,C正极接外电源的正极，故PbO2电极接外电源的正极，C项错项错误；若将反应①设计成原电池，32g(即1mol)O2在正极误；放电时，正极的电极反应式为PbO2(s)十2eˉ十4H+十发生还原反应转移2mol电子，D项错误。S02-一PbSO,(s)+2H,O,故PbO2电极增重64g(相当于5.B反应中先将FeO,和CaO转化为Fe和CaCO3,后将Fe1 mol PbO2参与反应)时，外电路理论上通过2mol电子，和CaCO,转化为FeaO,和CaO,所以FeaO,和CaO可循环D项正确！利用，A正确；反应②是CaO发生化合反应生成CaCO3,该过8.B·通入乙醇的一极(a极)为负极，发生氧化反应；通人氧气程放出热量，则反应①FeO,十4CO=3Fe十4CO2是吸热的一极(b极)为正极，发生还原反应。电池工作时，阳离子反应，反应④3Fe+4C02一FeO,+4C0为放热反应，B不(质子)向电池的正极迁移，A项不正确；电流方向与电子流向正确；该化学链的总反应C0,十H,催化剂CO+H2O,C正相反，电流由b极沿导线流向a极，B项正确；a极上乙醇应该失电子被氧化，C项不正确；因为电池中使用的是磺酸类质子确；反应①为Fe0,十4C0一3Fe十4C02,可将C0与N。溶剂，所以电极反应式中不能出现OH,D项不正确分离，降低分离CO和N,所需的能耗，D正确9.C由题可知，放电时CO2得电子，发生还原反应生成6.C该反应中单个DMF分子转化为三甲胺放热1.02eV,则HCOOH,吸收CO2的一极为正极，故A错误、C正确；电子1 mol DMF反应放热1.02NAeV,该反应的热化学方程式为不能在溶液中移动，在电解质溶液中是通过离子移动导电，电(CH)2NCHO(g)+2H2(g)=-N(CH3)3(g)+H2O(g)子从Li电极流出，经外电路流入多孔Pd电极，故B错误；锂△H=一1.02NAeV·mol1,A错误；该历程中最大能垒（活化能)为一1.02eV-(-2.21eV)=1.19eV,B错误；该历程气水能碎转化如电较厕能嘉楼储篷接鞋放田澳】:10.D中最小能垒为-1.55eV-(一1.77eV)=0.22eV,对应的化+O2+4H+=4Fe3+十2H2O,结合电解质储罐中流出学方程式为(CH3),NCH2OH·—(CH)2NCH2+OH·,C正K2SO,,知物质A可为KHSO:,A项正确；左侧电极上确；该反应放热，升高温度，衡逆向移动，DMF衡转化率减HCOO~转化为HCO:,碳元素由十2价升高为十4价，发生小，D错误。氧化反应，故左侧电极为电池负极，B项正确；根据图示知，7D使用催化剂能够降低反应的活化能，由题图可知曲线I该燃料电池总反应为HCOOH和O2在碱性条件下反应，生为无催化剂时的能量变化，A项正确；根据盖斯定律，由总反成KHCO和H2O,C项正确；右侧每消耗11.2LO2(标准应一反应①可得反应②，则△H2=(一352.79kJ·mol-1)11.2L(一33.44kJ·mol-1)=一319.35kJ·mol-1,B项正确：反应状况)，电路中通过的电子为2.4：m07X4=2mo1,则的活化能越大，发生反应需消耗的能量越多，反应越不容易进左侧有2olK通过半透膜移向右侧，D项错误。行，反应速率就越慢，慢反应对总反应的反应速率起决定作用，11.D锂是摩尔质量最小的金属元素，因此制成的电池具有很根据图中曲线Ⅱ对应的数据可知反应①的活化能比反应②的高的比能量，A正确；从图示可知，放电时锂离子从石墨晶格大，故反应①为总反应的决速步，C项正确；物质含有的能量越中脱出，通过电解质迁移到层状正极表面后嵌入正极氧化物高，物质的稳定性就越弱，由图示可知，无催化剂时反应的过渡晶格中，C正确；充电时，石墨(Cs)电极嵌人Li变成LiC6态含有的能量比有催化剂时含有的能量高，因此其稳定性较电极反应式为xLi十C6+xeˉ=Li,C6,则石墨电极增重弱，D项错误的质量就是Li的质量，若转移1mole,石墨电极将增多8.(1)吸热反应1 mol Li计，即增重7g,D错误。(2)2C0(g)+O2(g)2CO2(g)△H=-566kJ·mol12.A充电时n接电源的负极，Zn2+通过阳离子交换膜向阴极-283定向迁移，故由左侧流向右侧，A正确；放电时，负极Z溶(3)-394解生成Zn2+,Zn2+通过阳离子交换膜向正极定向迁移，故负9.(1)上下移动Cu是热的良导体，传热快，热量损失大极区溶液质量不变，B错误；充电时阴极的电极反应式为(2)1337.6Zn2++2e-=Zn,C错误；若将阳离子交换膜换成阴离子交(3)abe换膜，放电时正、负极不会改变，Z仍是负极，D错误。(4)不同意，因为不同的温度计误差不同13.A由题意可知，肼燃料电池的总反应为N2H4十O2-N(5)偏小+2H2O,由此可知负极N2H4失电子生成N2,当消耗1mol专题九化学反应与电能O2时转移4mol电子，根据得失电子守恒，负极生成1molN,故A正确；电池工作时，负极反应式是N2H4一4eˉ十考点1原电池化学电源4OH一N2十4H2O,负极的pH降低，故B错误；根据题1.(1)/(2)×(3)×(4)×(5)/(6)×图，正极生成氢氧化钠，正极反应为O2十4eˉ十2H2O2.B4OH,故C错误；负极消耗OH,正极生成OH-,溶液维3C根据电子流向可知X电极是负极，Y电极是正极，则外电持电中性且正极生成NaOH,Na向正极移动，故X最好用路的电流方向为Y→外电路→X,A错误；若两电极分别为Z如阳离子交换膜，故D错误。和石墨棒，锌是活泼金属，失电子发生氧化反应作负极，则Y14.D原电池工作时A1失去电子生成A1O?,被氧化，为电池为石墨棒，X为Z,B错误；Y电极是正极，溶液中氢离子放的负极，电极反应式为Al十4OH一3eA1O2+电产生氢气，则Y电极上有气泡产生，C正确；X电极是负极2H2O;Ag2O被还原，为电池的正极，电极反应式为Ag2O十发生氧化反应，Y电极是正极，发生还原反应，D错误2e十H2O一2Ag十2OH。A1是电池的负极，发生氧化4.C电极I上发生还原反应，作原电池的正极，电极反应式为反应，A项错误；电池总反应为2A1+2OH+3Ag2O2Fe3+十2e一2Fe+,故A不正确；电极Ⅱ为原电池的负2A1O2十6Ag十H2O,电池工作一段时间后，消耗OH且生极，发生氧化反应，电极反应式为Cu一2e=Cu2+,故B不成H2O,溶剂的量增加，则溶液的pH减小，B项错误；工作正确；该原电池的总反应为2Fe+十Cu一Cu2+十2Fe2+,故时，正极产生的OH移向负极，则隔膜为阴离子交换膜，CC正确；盐桥中装有含氯化钾的琼脂，其作用是传递离子，故项错误；由电极反应式A1+4OH-一3e一A1O2+2H2OD不正确。5.(1)×(2)×(3)×(4)×(5)/(6)X可知，电路中通过1mole时，消耗方moi Al,质量为6.B由电极反应式可知，Z失电子化合价升高，发生氧化反应，Z作负极，故A错误；由正、负极的电极反应式可得原电3molX27g·mol1=9g,D项正确。池总反应为Ag2O+H2O+Zn=Zn(OH)2十2Ag,则电解：15.D由图中物质变化可确定b为负极，a为正极，电池工作质溶液的酸碱性基本保持不变，故B正确；原电池工作时，阴时，电子由负极流向正极，即由b流向a,A错误；微生物所198

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听写35二氧化碳的实验室制取与性质化学用语每日听写1.写出符合如图转化关系的化学方程式。①③CaCO,C0,④之H,C0②①或②③④在下面空白处把写错的化学方程式订正过来。核心要点每课过关2.实验室制取气体的发生装置由及决定。实验室制取气体的收集方法由气体的及决定。7.九年级化学上·R湖北专用35

卷行天下·英语参考答亲月考卷一试题答案听力1~5 BCAAB 6~10 CBABA 11~15 BCBAC 16~20 CACBA阅读理解A本文是一则招聘辅导老师的广告，文中介绍了薪资、福利和申请说明等信息。2l.D根据Job Description部分中最后一段可知，周一和周日下午需要更多的辅导老师上课。22.C根据What We Offer部分中第4点可知，每周工作超过30小时的辅导教师可以享受医保报销。23.A根据Job Description部分中第2段可知，应聘者应擅长一门或多门学科。B本文讲述一对姐妹通过努力改变乱扔烟头现象的故事。24.C根据第1段第3句可知，烟头让城市变得非常难看，她们决定成立一个组织，劝说人们不乱扔烟头。25.A根据第3段可知，作者找公司赞助买烟灰缸送给那些抽烟的人。26.B根据最后一段和倒数第2段可以推测出，作者相信通过这种活动可以为保护环境做出贡献。27.C根据第1段最后两句可知，本文主要讲述一对姐妹通过努力改变乱扔烟头这一现象的故事。本文介绍了灰鹤的体形特征、生活性等。28.A根据画线词前一句可知，灰鹤一年换两次羽毛，换一次羽毛需要6个星期。29.B根据第3段首句可知，本段主要介绍了灰鹤的团队协作能力。30.D根据第4段首句可知，灰鹤是杂食动物，能在水中和陆地寻找食物，这主要得益于它们的喙。31.C本文主要介绍了灰鹤的体形特征、生活性等，属于动物版块。D一项研究表明，海洋变暖会影响鲨鱼的行为。32.A根据第1段第2句可知，研究人员想弄清楚海洋变暖能否影响鲨鱼的行为。33.A根据第2、3、4段可知，研究人员在实验室里模拟海洋温度变化并观察鲨鱼行进的方向。34.D根据最后一段第1句可知，海洋温度变暖如何影响鲨鱼行为有待进一步研究。35.C根据第1段末句及第4段第1句可知答案。补全短文36~40 BFAEC完形填空作者在办公地点附近两次遇见同一位有困难之人。看到他神色疲惫，暑热之天坐在路上，作者主动上前询问，并付路费让他坐上黄包车回家。4l.C根据第3段第1句“I saw that he was tired and exhausted because of the heat..”可知，由于天气热老人才疲倦，故用hot.42.A根据下文I walked towards my office可知，作者先把车停好然后步行去办公室，所以此处用parked。43.C根据第2段倒数第2句中的I saw the same man seated on the road可知，这里填man。@·1·【22·ZCYK.英语·参考答案一WYB一英语3一QG

57.What have people done to make diaboloDplaying more popular?What do you think ofthat?Evie Bee is a university student in the UK whoHundreds of diabolo organizations across ourloves woodworking and she is 49 at designing.country have been started./Many schoolsShe made a wooden e-bike named Electraply.regard diabolo playing as one of their courses.Bee once had an 50 trip to a beach on aIt's helpful in encouraging more people to knowrented bike.That made her decide to create herabout diabolo playing and fall in love with it./..own bike.Then Electraply was born.It's_5158.Please finish the history of the diabolo in Chartmade of wood.Ⅱ.9It got popular;the Spring FestivalWith the battery on top of it,Electraply weighsabout 30 kilograms and can travel at a top speed59.Do you want to learn to play diabolo?Why?of 45 km/h.And it successfully builds a 52Yes.It is very interesting.It is helpful to health.between modern technology and traditionalIt is a way to pass down traditional Chinesewoodworking skills.culture./...Bee dreams of making more wooden e-bikes likeNo.It may be dangerous.It will take me a lotElectraply.To realize her dream,she is now 53of time to do it well./..money by starting a website.度八、词语运用A.请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。Since September in 2022,primary and middle49.talented50.enjoyableschool students in China have had a special class51.mostly52.connectionThey need to have 60 least one class every53.raisingweek to learn basic(基础的)life skills_61cleaning and cooking.Many people discussed it 62 the Internet.Some of 63 said it was important to teachgstudents some basic life skills.Some even felt sorry that they didn't learn theseskills when they 64 students.Yang Jianping,a mother of a first grader,54.What was the diabolo made of?thought the class was really useful.She asked herIt was made of bamboo and wood.It used toson to help cook dishes at home.She also tookbe made of bamboo and wood.him to grow vegetables 65 the countrysideduring a holiday."He liked growing vegetablesvery 66.And he even made a video call to see67 the vegetables grew well every day after theholiday,"Yang said 68 a smile on her face.55.When did diabolo playing become anacrobatic performance?Life is about learning.Through the class,As far back as 1950.students can both learn life skills 69 develop56.How many diabolos are there in Beijingindependence.So schools and families shouldDiabolo Museum?work together to help them grow up healthily.More than 400./Over 400.

4.你来决定晚饭去哪儿吃。选做题It's uptoyou to decidewhere to have dinner.5.我们带一件外套是有必要的。It'snecessary for us to take acoat.⑧

中国联通。囵米辽芯令6l77%*1早上822poetry and those who make shopping lists.2023届高三湖北十一校第一次联考英语试题第7页(#12面)32.What makes us all amateur photographers?A.That it takes no skills to take photographs.B.That cell phones provide great convenience.C.That we are more attracted to creating images.D.That professional standards appear to be falling33.How are digital cameras changing our life?A.Photographers don't need a camera at all.B.We may get the latest images more easily.C.Natural disasters can be detected in advance.D.People pay more attention to the quality of photos.34.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.The creative functions of camera apps.B.The attractive features of digital images.C.The subjective factors behind photographs.D.The negative reviews about artistic images.35.What can we leam about"visual language"in the last paragraph?A.It can be both used in writing poetry and shopping.B.It will contribute to our ability to appreciate images.C.It has a great influence on the development of the universe.D.It offers us a new tool of communication to express ourselves.第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。People are taught how to speak,but good sentence structure and a wide range of vocabulary words won'talways lead to being understood or understanding others.36The good news is that it's never too late to leam how to communicate more effectively.The first step is torealize you're having communication issues.37The following is a list of the top three signs that youneed to learn healthier communication skills.You have the same fights over and over.Your fights are about the same topic again and again.If this is happening,it means you don't yet have theskills to resolve conflicts.38The fight may end,but it's only a matter of time before you argue about thesame thing again.When you learn how to resolve conflicts,issues don't pile up or become baggage that weighsdown your relationship.2023届高三湖北十一校第一次联考英语试题第8页（共12页)

大一轮复学案化学第25讲化学反应的方向和化学反应的调控②课标要求1.知道化学反应是有方向的，知道化学反应的方向与反应的焓变和熵变有关。2.认识化学反应速率和化学衡的综合调控在生产、生活和科学研究中的重要作用。3.知道催化剂可以改变反应历程，对调控化学反应速率具有重要意义。必备知识·整合知识梳理(2)化学反应的调控一、化学反应进行的方向①含义：通过改变反应条件使一个可能发生的1.自发过程反应按照某一方向进行。(1)含义：在一定条件下，不需要借助外力作②考虑实际因素用就能进行的过程。a.结合设备条件、安全操作、经济成本等情况，趋向：高能状态→低能状态综合考虑影响化学反应速率和化学衡的因(2)特点倾向：有序(密闭体系中)素，寻找适宜的生产条件。2.熵、熵变b.根据环境保护及社会效益等方面的规定和(1)熵是度量体系程度的物理量，符号要求做出分析，权衡利弊，才能实施生产。为。2.以工业合成氨为例，理解运用化学反应原理选(2)影响熵大小的因素择化工生产中的适宜条件①相同条件下，物质不同熵不同。(1)反应原理：N2(g)+3H,(g)=2NH(g)②同一物质：S(g)S(1)S(s)。△H=-92.4kJ·mol。(3)熵变=生成物的总熵-反应物的总熵。(2)3.化学反应方向的判据反应放热过程中体系能量降低，△H<0,具有正向为反应自发进行的倾向，但有些吸热反应也可反应特点据以自发进行，故只用焓变判断反应方向正向为气体物质的量的反应不全面(3)从反应快慢和反应限度两个角度选择反体系的混乱度增大，即熵增，△S>0,反应有自发进行的倾向，但有些嫡减的过程应条件据也能自发进行，故只用嫡变来判断反应方向也不全面加快反温度，压强（反应速率应物浓度)，使用复_0,反应能自发进行反应条件△G=△H-T△S0,反应处于衡状态的选择提高据0,反应不能自发进行转化率压强（反应物浓度），(衡正温度二、化学反应的调控向移动)1.化学反应条件的控制(4)综合考虑选择适宜的生产条件(1)影响化学反应进行的因素①温度：400~500℃；①参加反应的物质的组成、结构和性质等自身②压强：10MPa~30MPa;因素。③以铁触媒作催化剂；②温度、压强、浓度、催化剂等反应条件。④采用循环操作提高原料利用率。·198·

38.A语境题。根据复现的关键词“unclaimed parcels(无人认领的包裹)”和语境的含义判断选A,这些无人认领的包裹原本会被作为垃圾处理掉，但是现在成为Caritas经营的折扣商店中的商品。39.B语境题。本段说的是这家商店开业的盛况，根据后文“They swept the shelves for bargains.”可知选B。40.C语境题。语境表示并列关系，说的是橱窗里展示的两个人体模型（一个没穿鞋，另外一个衣着讲究）的含义，因此选C。本文是一篇记叙文。作者家有个坚持了十年的传统，那就是每天都在卡片上记录一天中最重要的事，然后在新年前夜辞旧迎新的时候，一家人在一起轮流朗读卡片来回顾过去的时光。41.C这里说的是在辞旧迎新的新年前夜，一家人在一起想方设法做点事，这个传统一直保留下来，用emain表示“保持，留下来”。42.D语境说这个礼物是一个装着365张卡片的盒子，由此判断选D表示“普通的，简单的”。43.B语境说作者准备用盒子里的卡片写下每天最重要的事，由此推断选B,用journal表示“日记”。44.C根据语境的叙述判断选C,作者很热衷于做这件事，因此选C表示“充满动力的”。45.A从语境的叙述来看，作者觉得这是一件很有意义的事，因此每天记录的时候充满动力，她满怀信心地坚持写了一个月的卡片，选A表示“信念”。46.A前文说作者完成了一个月的内容，这里用directly表示“直接，很快”：然后就这样坚持写了一年，很快就写到了盒子里的最后一张卡片。47.D作者在这里感叹自己坚持了一年的时间，是很了不起的成就。48.B语境说的是作者的丈夫和孩子对作者的这个举动感到好奇，因此下文说作者邀请他们都加入到读卡片的行列中，由此判断选B。49.C这里说的是作者提出的建议，因此选C表示“提出”。50.B这里用take turns doing表示“轮流做某事”。51.A语境说的是到了新年前夜，作者一家人坐在一起读这些卡片，同时还会评论几句，用comments表示“评论”。52.D这里用reflection表示“回忆”。53.B这里用l与wth呼应，表示在盒子里装进一张张卡片，卡片上写着每天日常生活中最美好的事。54.D这里说的是每位家庭成员都来读这些卡片。55.C这里说的是作者的儿子的女朋友也加入到他们的行列中，因此选C。56.A从语境看，这里说作者儿子的女朋友也毫不犹豫地选择念自己出生月的卡片上的内容，因此选A。57.D这里用in celebration of表示“庆祝”：庆祝这个活动延续了十年时间。58.A作者一家人读着这些卡片，而这些卡片让他们回忆起了往事，此处用remind表示“提醒，使想起”。59.C语境说的是作者一家人一起经历过的快乐时光和艰难岁月，因此选C。60.B这里说的是用卡片和文字来记录往日的岁月，因此选B。本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了黄山的石猴、松树，以及以画黄山而出名的几位画家。6l.voicelessly考查副词。这里用提示形容词的副词形式voicelessly作状语表示“悄无声息地”。62.the考查冠词。这里要用短语in the shape of表示“以…的形状”。63.most famous考查形容词最高级。这里用“one of+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最…之一”。64.have been attracted考查时态语态。这里用提示动词的现在完成时的被动语态表示延续和被动含义。主语theChinese表示复数含义，谓语用复数形式。65.imagination考查名词。这里要用提示动词的名词作宾语，表示“激发我们的想象力”。66.offering考查非谓语动词。这里用提示动词的现在分词作伴随状语。67.le考查非谓语动词。这里用提示动词的过去分词作后置定语表示被动含义。68.into考查介词。固定短语turn sth.into意为“把…变成”。69.wo考查定语从句。这里用wo引导非限制性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作主语，指人。70.devoted考查时态。这里用提示动词的一般过去时叙述过去的动作。英语第4页（共6页）

2.各档次的给分范围和要求档次描述完全完成了试题规定的任务：覆盖所有内容要点。应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。第五档语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用(13~15分)能力。有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。完全达到了预期的写作目的。完全完成了试题规定的任务：虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。第四档应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。(10~12分)语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。达到了预期的写作目的。基本完成了试题规定的任务：第三档虽漏掉些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。(7~9分)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。未适当完成试题规定的任务：漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。第二档语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。(46分)有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。信息未能清楚地传达给读者。未完成试题规定的任务：明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。第一档语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。(1~3分)较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。信息未能传达给读者。0分未能传达给读者任何信息；内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。第二节【参考范文】One day,however,Mary came with good news.She told Jane the school music festival was to be held the nextmonth and that her classmates all expected her to sing on behalf of her class.Jane's eyes sparkled but respondeddoubtfully,"Can I...?"Mary and I immediately assured her that she could make it.In the following month,with thehelp of Mary,Jane kept on practicing singing.Beautiful songs echoed in our house again and smiles began to appear onher face.Finally the big day came when she could present herself.When the host announced it was Jane's turn,she was wheeled onto the stage.Jane was greeted with warmapplause.As she began to sing,the audience got absorbed in her beautiful voice.Seconds after her performance,allthe audience rose with thunderous cheers.When wheeled off stage,Jane received praise and bunches of flowers fromher teachers and classmates.Jane was moved to tears.The kindness and encouragement from her teachers andclassmates stimulated Jane's enthusiasm for life,making her regain confidence in pursuing her original dream,which Iwill support wholeheartedly.英语试题参考答案（长郡版）第5页

参考答案及深度解析是说话最多，经常打断别人说话的人。所以，邀请别人交流，表达的是，“我”被分到和一些只是滑过几次雪的女士一组。空可以有效地阻止这个人打断别人说话的行为。这讲述的是处与下文a handful of times中的handful是原词复现。故选B。一种很好地让打断者注意到他或她一直在说话的方法。故49.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Obviously,skiing空处应是与后一句语义顺接，说明发生的情境是什么。分析a handful of times'before doesn't‘never'.”可知，选项可知，D项符合此处的语境。作者应是被其他人甩在了身后。leave sb in the dust为固定39.G【解析】本段中心句为“Ask yourself if the interruption has短语，意为“把某人远远抛在后面”。故选A。value.(问问自己这种打断是否有价值。)”。空前一句表达50.C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，作者很快就的是，有人打断你说话是因为他知道你正在表达的意思，想被只滑过几次雪的其他人甩在了身后，故此处表达的是，要加快讨论的速度。那么这个打断是有利于交流的，是有价“滑过几次”并不等于“从来没有”。free意为“释放”；assist值的。所以空处接下来要说明停下来听一下打断你的人说意为“协助”；equal意为“等同于”；prevent意为“预防”。故话，你应该怎么做。G项是条件状语从句，且与后一句“你就选C。会给人留下对问题比对自己更感兴趣的印象”语义连贯。51.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。由语境可知，此处表达的故选G。是，当到达山顶时，作者与组里的其他人沿着一条绿色的滑40.B【解析】由空前一句可知，被打断总是令人不快的，但你道滑下山。且空处与最后一段中to do more runs中的runs不必默默忍受，你得说出来。故空处应是对上文的总结，分是原词复现。故选B。析选项可知，B项“Make sure you get to have your say（确保你有发言权)”与前面的“你不必默默忍受”语义一致。故熟词生义”un用作名词，常表示“跑；跑步；跑步的时间（或选B。距离)”，但在此处用于表示体育运动中的“坡道，滑道”。·aski/toboggan,etc.run滑雪道、雪橇滑道等第三部分语言知识运用52.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文中的“When we第一节reached the top,I started down an easy greenwith体裁：记叙文主题：人与自我—第一次滑雪的经历others in our group.”及空后的“I'm doing it!”可知，作者认【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了作者第一次滑雪的经历及感受。为，刚开始还不算糟糕。故选B。41.A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空前的“Any weekend,53.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据空后的running throughyou'd find me swimming,water skiing,or riding bikes'”可知，作my mind可知，此处表达的是，作者的脑海中蹦出了“我要死者喜欢户外运动，别人说出名字的运动，她都做过。故选A。了”的想法/念头。secret意为“秘密”；motivation意为“动熟词生义name常用作名词，意为“名字”，在此处用作动力”；thought意为“想法”；comment意为“评论”。故选C。词，意为“说出…的名称；叫出…的名字”。54.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“so I took off一I·Can you name all the American states?你能说出美国所有mean,really took off"可知，作者没有停下来。故此处表达的的州名吗？是，“我”的自负没有让“我”停下来，所以“我”起飞了42.B【解析】考查连词词义辨析。根据空处前后的内容“我”的意思是，真的飞起来了。故选D。“Skiing was one sport I never learned”及“I loved the idea of it'”55.A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据此句的语境及上文：作可知，此处表达的是，尽管作者喜欢滑雪，但是她从来没有试者参加的是滑雪运动可知，作者开始加速，最后一头扎进了过。so意为“因此”；although意为“尽管”；unless意为“除雪里。故选A。非”；or意为“或者”。故选B。56.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据空后的“thinking that43.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据空后的on a ski trip inI had a naturalfor skiing”可知，作者的队友起初对Deer Valley可知，此处表达的是，她收到了去鹿谷滑雪旅行于作者是印象深刻的。impressed意为“印象深刻的”；的“邀请”，认为这是一个好机会。plan意为“计划”；contractfrightened意为“害怕的”；disappointed意为“失望的”；tired意为“合同”；invitation意为“邀请”；explanation意为“解意为“劳累的”。故选A。释”。故选C。57.C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据本句语境可知，此处表44.C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据空后一句“I figured it达的是，作者的队友认为作者有滑雪天赋。fear意为“恐wouldn't be thatto learn.”并结合下文描写作者滑惧”；answer意为“回答”；talent意为“天赋”；preference意为雪的经历可知，作者应是欣然接受了邀请。give up意为“放“偏爱”。故选C。弃”；look for意为“寻找”；jump at意为“迫不及待地接受，欣58.B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据空前一句“In fact,然接受（机会、建议等）”；live on意为“靠…生活”。故my fellow skiers were initiallythinking that I had a选C。naturalfor skiing..”可知，队友们起初认为作者有滑45.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“And I used to雪天赋，之后滑雪时，她们意识到作者的速度是她的一种water ski-一that has to count for something,right?”可知，作者惯，不是有意造成事故的。similar意为“相似的”；intentional认为滑雪不会太难。故选D。意为“故意的”；different意为“不同的”；accurate意为“精确46.A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文中的关键词组的”。故选B。“After all'”及下文“And I used to water ski---that has to count59.D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据破折号后面的“bothfor something,ight?”可知，作者认为自己很健康，也经常进physically and mentally-一to do more runs”可知，此处表达的行滑水运动，因此对于自己来说，滑雪不会太难。故选A。是，尽管作者还在为这次撞击感到震惊，但在身体和精神上47.D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的with some都聚集了力量一多滑了几次。result意为“结果”；data意women及下文中的“When we reached the top,I started down为“数据”；material意为“材料”；strength意为“力量”。故an easy green_with others in our group.”可知，此处选D。表达的应是，作者和几位女士被分到了一组。charge意为60.D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。根据空后的Idid及下文“要价”；share意为“分享”；equip意为“装备”；group意为中的“but I did gain a little more confidence and speed after“分组”。故选D。each run”可知，作者认为自己增强了信心，每次滑雪速度都48.B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。根据上文中的oly可知，此处增加了，所以应是很开心。故选D。D13卷3·英语

cause of this,the cost of the programme,D.The students interested in Binghamcmanot including accommodation,is built intoand European culture.Fnuyour tuition fees.23.What is included in the programme?Accommodation costs international25thand EU students)A.Accommodation.B.Three meals a day.If you have booked accommodation forC.Medical treatment.the year ahead (41 weeks),you do not haveD.A half-day trip around Bingham.yoto pay extra for accommodation during theBOrientation Programme.The AIDS ambassador for The GlobaltIf you have not booked accommodationFund,Carla Bruni-Sarkozy,says it is"un-fair"that women and children in Africa of-29in the College,you can ask us to pre-bookaccommodation for you for one week onlyten miss out on treatment for HIV.She(Orientation Programme week)in a hotelwants to use her position to bring "visibili-iwith other international students.The costty"to the issue.Carla spoke about her workof accommodation for one week is e165.as an AIDS ambassador for The Global Fund2Of course,you can arrange your ownto mark World AIDS Day.She also wants toaccommodation for that week in a flat,withraise awareness about the situation of chil-friends or a local family.dren who are HIV positive because the virusWhat is included during the programme?has been passed on from their mother.Meals:Lunch and an evening meal areThe Global Fund was set up to fightprovided as part of the programme,beginningAIDS,tuberculosis,malaria and other in-fawith supper on Sunday 23rd September and fin-fectious illness.It receives donations fromishing with lunch at midday on Friday 28th Septhe governments of leading nations-inclu-tember.Please note that breakfast is not a-ding the UK.vailable.At present,only about a third of preg-Information session:including suchnant women in Africa get tested for HIV.topics as accommodation,health,religiousAnd of those who have the virus,45%getmatters,welfare immigration,study skills,the drugs that will stop HIV being passed tocareers and other essential information.their child during birth or breastfeedingSocial activities:including a welcome乳喂养).That figure has improved five-foldbuffet and a half-day trip round Bingham.in the past few years,but the hope is to21.How long will the programme last?wipe out this route of HIV infection.A.Seven days.B.Six days.In her office at the Elysee Palace in Par-C.Five daysD.Four days.is,I asked Carla why she had chosen to22.Who are specially advised to attend thework for this cause.She said,"I find it veryprogramme?A.The students from the local families.important that every woman expecting aB.The students living in the local fami-child can make sure the child will have ahealthy life.We do have the medicine.It'sly.C.The students not familiar with Euro-just good sense.What motivates me is seeingpean customs.the results this great work has.Children are金卷born healthy and mothers don't transmit the仿真密卷（十一）·英语第3页（共8页）23·JJ·FZM0

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6.为除去括号内的杂质，所选用的试剂或方法正确的是（)A.MgO粉末(Al2O3),选用适量的NaOH溶液B.Na2CO3溶液NaHCO3),应加入适量的稀盐酸C.Fe2(SOa)3溶液(FeSO4),应通入过量的氯气D.Cl2IHCI),选用适量的NaOH溶液7.下列关于Fe3+、Fe2+的说法错误的是A.用如图装置可以制备Fe(OH2沉淀FeB.配制FC3溶液时，先将氯化铁晶体溶于较浓的盐酸中，再加水稀释到所需0.2mol·L11mol·L要的浓度H,SO,溶液NaOH溶液C.向某溶液中滴加KSCN溶液，溶液不变色，滴加氯水后溶液显红色，此现象不能确定溶液中含有F+D.向FeC2溶液中加入少量铁粉是为了防止Fe2+被氧化8将光亮的镁条放入盛有NH4C1溶液的试管中，有大量气泡产生，为探究该反应原理，该同学做了以下实验并观察到相关现象，由此得出的结论不合理的是(选项实验及现象结论A将湿润的红色石蕊试纸放在试管口，试纸变蓝反应中有NH3产生B收集产生的气体并点燃，火焰呈淡蓝色反应中有H产生收集气体的同时测得溶液的pH为8.6弱碱性溶液中Mg也可被氧化将光亮的镁条放入pH为8.6的NaHCO3溶液◇中，有气泡产生弱碱性溶液中OH厂氧化了Mg9.在稀硫酸中加入铜粉，铜粉不溶解，再加入某物质X,发现铜粉逐渐溶解，请问X不可能是()A.Fe2(S04)3B.HCIC.H202D.KNO310.金属的治炼与生产、生活及国防军事等领域均密切相关。下列有关金属治炼的原理错误的是()A用H作还原剂治炼金属Ag:Ag20+H,高温2A2十H0B.用Na、M等活泼金属为还原剂治炼T:2Mg十TiCL.(熔融)高漫T+2MgC】C用A1作还原剂治炼金属V:3V,05+1OA1高温6V+5AkO,D用电解法制取金属钠：2NaC(培融)电解2Na十Ct11,下列实验过程中产生沉淀的物质的量(Y)与加入试剂的物质的量QX)之间的关系正确的是()A.甲向AICl溶液中逐滴加入NaOH溶液至过量且边滴边振荡B.乙向NaAIO2溶液中滴加稀盐酸至过量且边滴边振荡C.丙向NH4Al(SO4)2溶液中逐滴加入NaOH溶液直至过量D.丁向NaOH、Ba(OH)2、NaAIO2的混合溶液中逐渐通入CO2至过量第2页共6页

下列叙述正确的是A.L2直线代表pPb和pH的关系B.常温下，Km[Co(OH)2]=1.0×10M5.2)N(75.2C.当Pb(OH)2、Co(OH)共存时，品1×10-5/D.Co(OH)2、Pb(OH)都能完全溶于亚硝酸溶液中P7.-2.7二、非选择题（本题共4小题，共58分）15.(15分)NHCuSO.(亚硫酸亚铜铵)是一种白色难溶于水的化工产品，在空气中易变质，难溶于酒精。某小组设计实验制备NH.CuSO,并探究SO,的漂白原理。已知：品红易溶于酒精水98.3%硫酸浓氨水目饱和NaHSO,溶液●条品红品红乙醇墨水溶液CuSO (aq)墨硫0实验操作：先向B中加入氨水至蓝色沉淀恰好溶解，再启动A中反应，B中产生白色沉淀D中红色不变色，E中红色溶液变为无色溶液回答下列问题：(1)装饱和NaHSO.3溶液的仪器是(填名称)，C装置的作用是(2)写出A中化学反应方程式2生5海t)%边三出0(3)从环保角度考虑，上述方案不足之处是(4)实验完毕后，分离B中产品的操作是、酒精洗涤、干燥。用酒精替代水洗涤的目的是(5)由D、E中实验现象说明：SO2漂白品红必须在(填化学式)存在条件下进行。(6)探究NH,CuSO的性质。取少量产品于试管中，滴加稀硫酸，发现溶液变蓝色、生成红色固体，产生的气体通人酸性KMnO,溶液中，溶液由紫红色变为无色。写出NH.CuSO,和稀硫酸反应的离子方程式山4CMS0,十SD以±d00wlhW0(7)取mgNH,CSO产品于锥形瓶中，加入适量稀硫酸，充分反应后，加蒸馏水稀释至250mL,取25.00mL,加人足量KI溶液，滴儿滴淀粉溶液，用标准Q.1mol·L-Na:S.O%(用含m的代溶液滴定至终点，消耗滴定液20,00mL。该产品纯度为(填“偏高“偏低”或“无影数式表示)。如果加入硫酸过多，会导致测得结果响”)。有关滴定反应：2Cu++41一2Cul+,l+2S0一2I+S0,S0+2H+=SO2个+S1+H2O。化学试题第5页（共8页）

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参考答案一、选择题：本题共16小题，每小题3分，共计48分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.答案：A解析：KCxO,中Cx元素的化合价为+6价，由题图乙可知，5s时Cx元素的化合价为+6价，Cx元素的化合价没有变化，即05s过程中，Cx,O号没有发生氧化还原反应，A错误；实脸开始至30s时，Cx元素化合价由+6价变为+3价，K,Cx,O,被还原生成Cx+,H,0,被氧化生成02，总反应离子方程式为C,0+3H,0,+8H一2C#+7H,0+302个，B正确；30^80s过程中，Cr元素由+3价升高为+6价，反应过程中被氧化，HO2具有氧化性，可能是剩余的H,02所致，C正确；80s时溶液呈黄色，并且溶液呈碱性，已知2C0?+2H毫？Cx,O+H,0,碱性条件下，反应逆向进行，生成CxO},所以80s时溶液中含铬微粒主要是CO},D正确。2.答案：D解析：1个甲醇分子含有3个碳氢键、1个碳氧键、1个氧氢键，共含有5个极性键，根据题图信息及原子守恒可知，制备CHOH的总反应为CH4+C02→CH,OH+C0,则1mo1CH4理论上能生产1 mol CH,OH,即理论上能产生的甲醇中含有极性键的数目为5Na,A错误；1个CH,OH比1个CH4的质子数多8个，但未给出等物质的量的具体数值，故无法计算，B错误；44gCO,气体所含C原子数为N,44gCH4与C0的混合气体，假设44g气体全部是甲烷，则所含C原子数为6NmoP,大于Y,若48气体全是0，则所含C原子数28 :mo-,大于V,故44g混合气体所含c原子数大于N,C错误；用44g

全国©0所名校高三单元测试示范卷教学One study from the Human Kinetics found that a 10-minute cold shower immediately after an exer礼记cise session can assist with hydration status.39 Meanwhile,they will feel less tired,too.Even with so much to benefit from drinking cold water,there are some different opinions.40 In fact,your preferences in water temperature won't matter when it comes to the ultimategoal of why you're drinking water in the first place-to stay hydrated and to keep your body healthyand happy.A.Drinking warm water is also a cultural practice for many.B.Others claim that cold water makes you burn more calories.C.There is a claim that drinking cold water can make you hungrier.D.Staying hydrated is important for regulating your body temperature.E.Some experts claim cold water actually isn't good for your body's health.F.Plus,a 10-minute cold shower has been shown to help athletes to feel less sore.G.The study finds cool tap water is the best temperature for rehydration purposes.【答案】36-40 BDGFE第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）】第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When in need of some guidance,most people immediately look for an expert on the topic.41,however,researchers with the Association for Psychological Science find that many expertsdon't actually give better advice than others-they just give more of it."Skillful 42 and skillful teaching are not always the same thing,so we shouldn't 43 thebest performers to necessarily be the best teachers as well,"says lead study author David Levari."People seem to 44 quantity for quality.Our studies suggest that 45 in some instances,people may overvalue advice from 46 performers.An experiment featured 2,085 people randomly 47 to either an advice or a no-advice group.After 48 a single round of the game of Word Scramble,participants in the advice group 49advice from a random advisor and then played five more 50.Meanwhile,the no-advice groupjust played six rounds without any 51People in the advice group did 52 perform better after getting some guidance,and their per-formances tended to 53 round by round.However,on average,researchers say the advicecoming from the best players was not any more 54 than others'suggestions."In our experiments,people given advice by top performers thought that it helped them more,but it is not always the 55.Surprisingly,they thought this even though they didn't know any-thing about the people who wrote their advice,Levari explains.41.A.LuckilyB.SurprisinglyC.FurthermoreD.Besides42.A.searchB.controlC.applicationD.performance43.A.allowB.expectC.forceD.encourage44.A.blameB.exchangeC.mistakeD.excuse45.A.at mostB.at lastC.at firstD.at least46.A.averageB.topC.poorD.mean47.A.assignedB.opposedC.devotedD.exposed48.A.writingB.designingC.playingD.losing49.A.sentB.refusedC.changedD.received50.A.roundsB.groupsC.gamesD.sports33【24G3DY(新高考)·英语-R-必考-HEB】

Courtney第45期A1版Keys:(One possibleversion)封面故事1.Jiangling.2.Passing on and developing the Chuculture.蚩迎团年：aT型IV维9巾影

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be responsible for transferring the itch (feeling between the brain and the skin.However,whenresearchers blocked the GRP's function,the mice simply stopped scratching in response to seeingother mice scratching.This means that mice have no control over their scratching when seeing peersscratching.The mouse doesn't see another mouse scratching and then thinks it might need to scratch.Instead,its brain begins sending out itch signals using GRP as a messenger.…1It's not clear if the exact same pathway exists in humans.But the team believes the study couldhelp throw light on the neural mechanisms(神经机制)behind contagious behaviors in human beings.The next time you scratch in response to someone else doing it,remember it's really not a choice,nora psychological response;it's hardwired into your brain.32.What have the latest experiments foundA.Mice only imitate the act of their familiar peers.B.Mice prefer the mice on a computer screen to the live ones.C.Mice feel the need to scratch when seeing another scratching.D.Mice just have to scratch when seeing another scratching.33.What can we learri about GRP?A.The mouse decreased its GRP when seeing other mice scratching.B.GRP is meant to block the itching and scratching feeling.C/Without GRP's function,the mice wouldn't copy the scratch.D.GRP exists and functions the same in human brains.34.What does the underlined word "hardwired"in the last paragraph probably meanA.Changed.B.Mended.C.Stopped.D.Fixed.35.Which is the best title for the textAThe Contagious ScratchB.The Clever ImitationC.The Strange BehaviorD.The Common Response第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。36 Learn how to show them why it's important to save,how to avoid overspending,andwhat they can do to successfully manage their money.,161.Have deliberate conversations about moneyTalk openly with your kids about the money you make and what it pays for,such as home,food,clothing and transportation.A conversation like this will give them context and will help them graspearly on that it costs money to have the essentials.372.Give them a modest allowance.A child who is old enough to count is old enough to get allowance.The amount should be anage-appropriate amount where stuff they'll want will require at least a few weeks of saving to buy38 Normal chores (are part of being in a family;not about getting paid.3.39Your kids have "regular"chores,already.By all means feel free to provide those bigger,unpleasant tasks as optional paid jobs-weeding,shoveling snow,whatever they'll really have to workat to earn those extra buck-and kick back while they learn the value of a dollar.4.Be a good financial role model.,40So remember that you're constantly sending financial cues to the children in your lifein ways big and small.Be a good financial role model by using examples from your own'life to teach

Caring Club(B)24.Why did the author run up first?Are you interested in working at the zoo?Come第二部and join the club for teenagers aged 12 to 18.Here youA.To make the bed.will learn how to take care of baby animals fromB.To scare his brother.experienced zookeepers.第二部C.To go to the bathroom.Warnings:A Your own food is not welcome in the club.D.To open his bedroom door.A Don't get close to baby animals unless zookeepers(C)25.What did the author often do when hisallow you to do that.mother wasn't in at night?Notices:A.He often hid in his bedroom.读A The Center Zoo is open from 10:00 am to 6:00 pm on读weekdays and from 9:00 am to 7:00 am on weekends.B.He often saw strangers at home.ATours for families begin at 10:00 am,2:00 pm and 4:00C.He often slept with his father.pm.eD.He often ran up first to his room(A)26.When did the author tell his parents what he第第saw?(B)21.Why does the Center Zoo hold the events?A.After he saw the police.A.To protect animals in danger.B.When he saw the two robbers部B.To celebrate World Animal Dav.C.To let adults get close to nature.勢C.Before his mother came home from workD.As soon as he woke up the next morning.D.To look for experienced volunteers.(A)27.What important lesson did the author learnfrom the experience?读读A.Safety always comes first.B.Always be brave and confident.C.Keep calm whenever we are in trouble.gD.Ask a grown-up for help when in troublec第(D)22.What can children in the event Zoo to YouAccording to a study,in primary schools in thedo?第UK,almost two-thirds of students go to or back fromA.Help to keep visitors in order.school by car and 26%usually walk.And about 7%B.Live with baby koalas for a day.部take a bus,while 1%ride.From it,we see that the分C.Feed baby giraffes on nice food.D.Learn more about baby animals.students fail to get enough exercise.To improve thesituation,there have been some activities.Walk toSchool Week is among them.(C23.When can people join the events?Falling in the third week of May each year,读A.At 9:00 am on Monday.Walk to School Week was started by the UK charityB.At 7:00 pm on Monday.读Living Streets to help more kids get out of the carC.At 9:00 am on Sunday.and walk to school.They have prizes for children toD.At 8:00 pm on Sunday.collect when they walk to school.And wheelchairusers can also join in the funBThis year's theme(主题)for Walk to School Week第It was late at night.I was home with my father and第is "Walk with Wildlife".It encourages children to travelmy brother when my mother was still at workactively to school every day of the week,meetingWhen Dad took us to bed,I ran up first to hidedifferent animals along the way and learning about why部behind my bedroom door.Here was my plan:to jumpto walk.out and scare my brother.My bedroom was justWalking to school is a profitable way to get activeopposite the bathroom and he had to walk past it to getand healthy.On the way,children can learn some roadto his room.safety skills.Besides,they can meet their classmates andHowever,behind the door were two strange menhiding.One had long hair,and the other was thin andtalk with them sometimes or even make new friends.tall.The man with long hair spoke to me in a low voice,"Half of our primary school students live a mile or读less from their school,but far too few of them are"Go away."I calmly went away and slept with my dad.This wasn't uncommon for me on the nights when mywalking to school.The great thing about walking is thatmother worked,so he didn't question it.I was so afraidit is simple and safe to do.It should be in their everydaythat I didn't tell him what I saw.life,"an official said.第We got robbed(抢劫).When Mum came第(B)28.Which of the following is the result of thehome the next morning,it was a mess downstairsstudy?(楼下).She ran upstairs immediately and foundus all in bed safe and sound.Then she called the分police,who arrived 10 minutes later.It was notuntil that moment that I was brave enough to tell分my parents everything.To my surprise,my parents didn't even point读the finger at me.They said what I did was totally阅读y bikright."You should always keep yourself safe firstwhen you get caught up in something like this,"Mum said.

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C.水分子间可形成分子间氢键，故S的简单氢化物沸点低于O的简单氢化物沸点，C错误：D.B、C、E可以组成各原子均满足8电子稳定结构的某种微粒为(SCN)2,D正确。14D【详解】A.向磷化镓废料中加入NaOH、H,O2,溶液，发生主要反应GaP+4NaOH+4H2O2-NaGaO2+Na:PO4+6H2O.SiO,+2NaOH=Na,SiO,+H,O,NaGaO,Na:PO4.Na,SiO进入浸出液中，Fe,O,、CaCO难溶于氢氧化钠溶液形成滤渣I,A错误：B.温度过高，H,O,受热易分解，故“碱浸”时温度不能过高，B错误：C.“中和”时加入适量硫酸，碗酸过量会使G(OH),溶解，“酸溶”时加入足量疏酸保证H,$i0和稼元素分离，C错误：D.滤渣Ⅱ中含Ga(OH)、H,SiO,沉淀，向滤渣Ⅱ中加入硫酸，Ga(OH),转化为可溶于水的Ga2(S043,分离出滤渣Ⅲ(HSO,),D正确.15.【共14分，每空2分】(1)2H,S01+02=4H+2S0(2)③(3)Cu+2H2S04(浓)△CuS04+S02↑+2H20(4)B(5)E(6)①S2-②BD16.【共14分，每空2分】(1)吸收二氧化疏，避免污染环境(2)增大接触面积，提高反应速率，使焙烧充分，提高原料的利用率适当升温或将矿石粉碎（合理回答即可）(3)95℃和cHS04)=3.0mo1/L(4)R3N-HReO4+NH3=NH+ReO:+R3NR3N-HReO4+NH3-H2O=NH+ReO+R3N+H2O(5)0.005 mol (NH4)Re(S04)4-H2017.【共16分，除特殊标注外，每空2分】(1)三颈烧瓶(2)除去混合液中的稀碗酸(3)乙髓过滤洗涤干燥（各1分）(4)fg(或gf)debc(5)否碱石灰用于吸收O中混有的酸性气体和水蒸气，浓确酸用于吸收少量氨气和防止E中水蒸气进入C中干扰实验，互换后不能达到实验目的(6)SnC1+N20+2H2O=SnOHOl+N2+2HC118.【共14分，除特殊标注外，每空2分】(1)@4N0+3C10;+2H0-4N0;+3CI+4Hr(写“三”也可给分)第3页

绝密★启用前焦作市博爱一中2023一2024学年（上)高三年级期中考试化学考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题3分，共计42分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.下列离子在溶液中能大量共存且无色透明的离子组是()A.K+、M血O4、Na+、CIB.K+、Na、NO3、CoC.Na*、HC0,、OH、SOD.Cu2+、Na、oH、SO2.下列实验操作、现象和结论均正确且有因果关系的是()选项操作现结论加热时铝箔熔化但金属铝表面氧化用坩埚钳夹住铝箔加热，再用大头针轻轻不滴落，用大头针膜去除后加热时挑破铝膜挑破后滴落不易再生将湿润的pH试纸伸入盛满CI2的集气瓶012的水溶液显最终试纸变红色中酸性在装满水的两个烧杯中分别加入黄主大小金属钾反应更加剧K的金属性强于G的金属钠和钾烈Na向0.01moI·L-1Ba(0H)2溶液中插入电导此时硫酸和氢氧产生白色沉淀最多D率传感器，然后匀速逐滴加入化钡恰好完全反时电导率最低0.01mol·L-H2$04溶液应A.AB.BC.CD.D3在实验室中，用如图所示装置（尾气处理装置略去）进行下列实验，将①中液体逐滴滴入到②中。实验结果与预测的现象一致的是()第1页，共11页