年龄构成受教育程度人口15-59岁人口为其有大学文化度的人为89438万人60岁及以上人口为21836万人6.79+26402万人01O第六次全同人日等数阳每方人用有大学文化列度的8930人0-14岁人口为1并据1546725338万人會1,35个有052010年第大次金人日背数解城乡人口人口地区分布尺售夸故镇的哭售奢乡村的东北地区占6.98%系部地以3.090199万人50979万人1.20分39.93%金215西部地区占与2010年第六次全国人口普查数据相比27.12%城镇人口镇加乡村人口减少中部地以23642万人16436万人合0.22个百分点25.837每0.794城镇人口比重上升14.21个百分点材料三2020年总和生育率1.3：低生育将成为我国面临的现实问题数据来源：国家统计展人口普清单独二孩”“全面两孩’政策实施，出生人口数童快速回升”宁吉液生汽我费、教育、藏积板。2016年和2017年我国出生人口大帽增加，分别超过800万人和70万人比全。服务设施孩”玫第实花前分别多出20多万人和10多万人.从生育孩次有，2014至201年生人查，是推“二孩”5比明显上升，由2013年的30%左右上升到2017年的50%左右：此后虽有所下，但%源结构高于40%。由于生育政策调整的因素，全国多出生“一孩”数量达1000多万人。高质量宁吉喆说，数据表明，2020年我国育龄妇女总和生育率为1.3，已经处于较低水年.这主发展战到育龄妇女数量持续减少、“二孩”效应逐步减弱的影响。从2020年来看，新冠肺爽痘情增加7生供给、流活的不确定性和对住院分娩的担忧，进一步降低了居民生育的意愿。随着经济社会的持续发展，无口发展其是工业化、现代化带来的人口生育观念转变等方面的影响，低生育已经成为大多数发达国家普造战和机面临的问题，也将成为我国面临的现实问题。(摘编自国家统计局《第七次全国人口普查主要数据结果新闻发布会答记者问》，2021年5】年9月)材料四从以往数据来看，2019年，全国净增人口467万人；2020年，全国净增人口201万队生人口走低是否说明我国人口红利正在缩小或者消失)。智长情况也在。8而2021年我国净增人口只有48万，比2020年净增人口减少156万。网友据此分新认}速度减少，2022年新增人口可能就负增长了。如此差强人意的人口增长情况也在0发热到主任家健认为，我们现在的出生人口下降，实际上在014岁少儿人口这块比区继续了同时我们的老年人口比例上升迅速。中国目前仍然处在人口红利的机会窗口：即将关闭。未来我们要把结构红利转为更长久的质量红利，我们要充分挖据人口口性人口，要把人口红利中的老年红利和性别红利充分实现出来。22(摘编自搜狐网《我国已经陷入了“低生育率陷肼”？国家卫健委回应热点关

太多，汪洋大海里是长不出东西的：不能带太少，要满足植物发芽的需求，经过精魂计算，我们和调节温度：此外还加了摄檬头，实时监测内部状态样，无声息地高去陆，克眼因难，遵开生命之花编自网易文章《月球出现绿色植物？都是中国杭天人购功劳！》】一个老人和一个女孩，中始终低声地询网他们地带朵六十万法郎的陪蝶，而且，人们都这么说，她还是那一年人们见到的最美的新接择，首先考的是来杭天下列关材内容的和分折不到月球上吃什么穿什普我荷”方案是应NASA的计划提出的，在全球25“菲伯爵的食管。7,下列对文本相关内容和艺术特色的分析，不正确的”地是伯爵府洗衣藏的A文章开就对者尉进行了总体介绍，从一开始的搬获大炮，到“无数次中花在高温下才发芽。而我们不清楚着陆器什么时候着陆，什么时候做实验，所以被选裤的种子不超过3公斤。为控制湿度同时清足光合作用的需求，罐了B.拉来中尉带的侦小队选择在榜晚六点钟出发，是因为巷夜色行军能更好地隐藏行的发芽温度委我们选择了一生物的式动物果蝇。最后，我们选定马鬼枪骑兵。他们枪了三名中卫，吊死了国丁。我呢，真为女儿担心。有利不容任：运执法表达出士们行动的和情无声息，也侧有大和话保护产中的各种高能数子，字射线等都会直达月球表面，这有材料二“为那里有一法四苯队.文战士门用担架抬着她形成应会直接关系到实验的成请结合文本分析这种理附有一层用聚酯簿膜做的保温层，它和设置在银体上的半导的依据。(6分单，它是科研人黄专门针对月球环境研制而成的，一个合金圆拉形于，率的经棉花脂苏这四种植物的发芽时间是不一玫的，这能最大就我开在四野中前进。老人沉歌不语，和中并而行。女儿走在他的二文言文读本题共4小题，19分】旁：地突然来大聚了，实在走不动了。L一光导管D."在月球的时间已达到30多天，而且已经“整开生命之花”。这运远超“中，“他吸时州州制史安成王秀①为都督二和材料中的文侧下的文字完成79不月图资型生态圆”中生声图”的生命原货。G分电第接口拉莱中的婚事大专他既道携又勇，灵巧，机。小时及任又培下：所有人都卧倒在地：那边原中，一个三大的续狂奔，反复不停。小声传着，不时地发先发，使中山玉英继之道道命三百个卧倒的人变然现在他价。英至悬，辄与密共及其党餐十人。英乃引兵前义阳。宁剃济点末风扫着乌云，而在他们身后，云屈(《资治通鉴·梁纪三》一层台粉它落在服上并不融化，加上夜色阴沉，所上方，无士们欣春若狂，戴着掌，把年轻的娘高高起以示胜利晚，拉中厨精力倒在上正入略，将军源人来找他今止进小分成地等中。中仅者十个人一图二着，准在树方，个清晚、说耳的年轻人的声青，制玻林中的进，轻轻地说：经求应程整骨告报/秀日/特我以自之宜阳非应电即兵赴之/上亦诏仙救早生/【离二语文第3页（共8页）】23117E【高二语文第4页（共8页）】23117B【高二语文第5页（共8页）】23117B【高二语文第6页（共8页）】23117B

20.文中画波浪线的语句有语病，请修改。(3分)(二)语言文字运用Ⅱ（本题共2小题，11分）阅读下面的文字，完成21~22题。木棉树又干又皱，不知为什么，它竟结出那么雪白柔软的木棉，并且以一种不可思议的优美风度，缓缓地自枝头飘落。木棉花大得骇人，是一种耀眼的橘色的红花，开的时候连一片叶子的衬托都不要，树枝也许是干得很了，根根都麻皱着，像一只曲张的手一肱是干的，臂是干的，连手肘、手腕、手指头和手指甲都是千的一向天空讨求着什么，撕抓些什么。而干到极点时，树枝爆开了木棉花几乎就像是从千裂的伤口黑吐出来的火焰。木棉花常常长得极高，那年在广州初见木棉树，不知是不是因为自己年纪特别小，总觉得那是全世界最高的一种树了，广东人叫它英雄树。初夏的公园里，我们疲于奔命地去接拾那些新落的木棉，也许几丈高的树对我们是太高了些，竞觉得每团木棉都是晴空上折翼的云。21.将下列5句话，分别填进语段空缺处，力求最佳效果。（只填序号）(5分)①却很美②有一种不讲理的架势③火烈烈的④斟在粗陶碗里⑤像一碗红曲酒22.文中画波浪线的句子使用了哪些修辞手法？请指出并简析效果。(6分)四、写作(60分)23.阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。(60分)明道中学高三年级弘般班正在开展传统文化专题学，准备组织一次主题班会，请大家立足“已所不欲，勿施于人”，展开讨论，鼓励大家独立思考，深入探究。有人力挺“己所不狱，勿施于人”，有人主张“己所不欲，可施于人”；有人提出“己之所欲，要施于人”，有人直言“已之所欲，勿施于人”…这个话题引发了你怎样的感受和思考？请联系生活实际写一篇发言稿。要求：结合材料，自选角度，确定立意，符合文体特征，不要套作，不得抄袭；不得泄露个人信息；不少于800字。102023届·普通高中名校联考信息卷（月考三）·语文

心5.某实验小组将温室中大豆幼苗的绿叶分成4等份，在不同温度下分别暗处理1，再光照1h高二生物期中考试卷(光照强度相同)，测其有机物变化，得到如图所示数据。下列相关叙述正确的是十有机物变化g·h■跻处理后有机物减少量本试卷满分100分，考试用时90分钟口温罩的的注意事项：7730度℃1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上A.若为大豆叶片提供H2“O,则最终能在有机物中检测到O2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂B.27℃时，光合作用制造有机物的速率是细胞呼吸消耗有机物的4倍黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在C.由实验结果可知，温室中温度控制在27℃可获得最大经济效益答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效D.空气中的CO2分子进人叶肉细胞被利用，至少要穿过4层生物膜3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。6,细胞内的生理活动需要消耗能量，这些能量主要是由ATP直接提供的。下列有关ATP的4.本试卷主要考试内容：人教版必修1、2，选择性必修1第1一4章。说法，正确的是A.ATP中的A代表腺苷，由腺原呤和脱氧核糖结合而成、选择题：本题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符B.ATP是一种高能磷酸化合物，是因为靠近A的化学键中蕴含着较高的转移势能合题目要求的。C.对于绿色植物细胞来说，合成ATP所需要的能量均可由光能和呼吸作用直接提供1.关于生物体内的化学元素，下列说法正确的是D.ATP水解释放的磷酸基团可以使一些蛋白质的空间结构发生变化，从而改变蛋白质的A.组成松树的化学元素的种类、含量和组成人体的大体相同活性B.组成生物体的各种元素大多数都以化合物的形式存在7.某二倍体生物的某个细胞正处于分裂后期，此时其核DNA分子有14个。下列情况中最可能出现的是C.无机自然界中的化学元素在生物体内都可以找到A.该细胞中有同源染色体，且正在发生姐妹染色单体分离D.微量元素在生物体内含量很少，缺少时对人体影响不大B.该细胞正在发生同源染色体分离2.研究发现，阿尔茨海默病(AD)可能与大脑细胞中的多种水久性的不溶性蛋白缠结物杀死神C,该细胞中没有同源染色体，且正在发生姐妹染色单体分离经细胞有关。下列说法错误的是D.此时该细胞的染色体数目是该生物体细胞的2倍A.不溶性蛋白存在多样性的原因与氨基酸的种类、数量、排列顺序和自身空间结构有关8.鹌鹑的性别决定方式为ZW型，其灰羽(A)对白羽()为显性。基因型为Aa的雌、雄个体发B.减少永久性的不溶性蛋白的数量可能在一定程度上减缓AD病情生了如图所示的突变。已知含单条异常染色体的个体可以存活并繁殖后代，含两条异常染色C,不溶性蛋白缠结物的功能从根本上讲取决于其肽链的盘曲折叠方式体的个体会死亡，下列叙述正确的是D,高温会破坏永久性的不溶性蛋白的空间结构使其失去生物活性3.2021年12月9日，在中国空间站的“天宫课堂”上，“太空教师”叶光富向青少年展示了呈短柱形的心肌细胞在荧光显微镜下发出的荧光“一闪一闪”跳动的画面。下列与短柱形心肌细胞形态维持及心肌细胞运动直接相关的细胞结构是突变型」突变型川A.细胞骨架泰B线粒体A.图示两种染色体变异类型不能通过显微镜观察到C.纺锤体D.细胞壁B.图示雕、雄个体杂交产生的后代中没有白羽雄性个体4,不同物质能够以不同的方式进出细胞。下列有关物质跨膜运输方式的叙述，正确的是C.图示雕、雄个体杂交产生的后代中灰羽个体占1/2A.水分子只能以自由扩散的方式进出细胞D.图示突变类型可能会改变群体中基因A的频率9.B.浆细胞分泌抗体的方式为胞吐，一条多肽链中有100个氨基酸，若不考虑终止密码子，则用来翻译合成该多肽链的mRNA分子和用来转录mRNA的双链DNA分子的碱基数分别至少为C.乙醇进入小肠上皮细胞的方式为胞吞A.300个和300个B.100个和300个品1D.葡萄糖进人哺乳动物的红细胞的方式为主动运输？C.300个和600个其，D.300个和900个过【高二生物第1页（共8页）】.23-103B·【高二生物第2页（共8页）】·23-103B·

叠的蛋白质首先会被标记，标记后与自噬受体结合再被包裹进吞噬泡，最后融入溶酶体中，吞噬泡与溶御体的融合体现了生物膜具有(2)线粒体是真核细胞进行有氧呼吸的主要场所，有氧呼吸的第二、三阶段分别在进行。损伤的线粒体和错误折叠的蛋白质在溶酶体中被降解后，可为细胞维持2生存提供基本原料和能量，由此推测，当细胞内养分特续不足时，细胞的自噬作用会(填“增强”或“诚弱”)。(3)细胞通过图示过程对细胞内部结构和成分进行调控，其生理意义是27.10分)NO是一种广泛存在于生物体内的活性气体分子，对植物细胞有一定的保护作用。实验小组研究了外源NO在NC1胁迫下对番茄幼苗光合作用的影响，实验结果如表所示。回答下列问题：净光合速率气孔导度胞问C(浓度脯氢酸含量品系甲品系乙品系甲品系乙品系甲品系乙品系甲品系乙CK(对照组)11.9910.070.2110.200246.2243.25.034.71CK+SNP12.1810.300.2130.208217.0241.05,035.82CK+NaCI7,594,050.0670.057186.5121.642.6623.70CK +SNP+NsCl9.985.170.1250.079205.8158.260.2439.86注：甲，乙为酣盐或盐敬植株：SNP为外源NO供体，能提供N):铺氯酿是调节细胞液渗透压的重要物质。(1)在NaC1胁迫下，番茄幼苗根系通过(填“主动运输”或“被动运输”)方式从土壤中吸收HO,HO进人叶肉细胞后在(填场所)上被光解并产生O,除此之外，H2O在光合作用过程中还具有的生理作用是(答出2点)。(2)分析以上实验及结果可知，耐盐植株是品系(填“甲"或“乙”)，依据是(3)分析实验结果可知，NO能（填“降低”或“提高”）NC胁迫下番茄幼苗的光合速率，原因是28.(10分)果绳是遗传学中常用的实验材料，具有易饲养、繁殖快，相对性状明显等优点，某实羚室保存有野生型果蝇和一些突变型果蝇，其中的6个纯合品系如表所示。果蝇的部分隐30.性突变基因及其在染色体上的位置如图所示，Y染色体上不含有白眼基因、焦刚毛基因及其等位基因。回答下列问题：编号品系1品系2品系3品系4品系5品系6日表现型野生型白眼焦倒毛紫跟翅外展思恤体素取(1)图中所示的基因中，不能与翅外展基因进行自由组合的是X染色体黑相体根糙眼2号染色体3号色体一，白眼(2)让品系1和品系2进行正交和反交，若正交子代全为野生过外展一粗糙眼n焦刚毛型（红眼），则反交子代表现为(3)让品系2和品系3进行正交和反交，两组下，雌果蝇的表r素限现型(填“相同或“不相同”)，两组F维果蝇的表现型(填“相同”或“不相同”)。黑体4)让品系1和品系5杂交，得到的E自由交配得到B,下，中照撞体紫眼雄果蝇所占比(为【高三生物第7页共“页)】

2022一2023学年度高三一轮复周测卷（十五）生物·变异和育种(考试时间40分钟，总分90分)一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题4分，共56分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。带*题目为能力提升题，分值不计入总分。1.白菜型油菜(2=20)的种子可以榨取食用油（菜籽油）。为了培育高产新品种，科学家诱导该油菜未受精的卵细胞发育形成完整植株BC。下列叙述错误的是林A.Bc的产生体现了植物细胞的全能性B.Bc即是生产所需的高产品种C.Bc的产生过程中会发生染色体的复制D.Bc作为育种材料可缩短育种年限【答案】B【解析】未受精的卵细胞发育成完整的植株，体现了植物细胞的全能性；B植株是单倍体，高度不育，不能得到油菜籽；Bc的产生过程需要进行有丝分裂，有丝分裂过程中会发生染色体的复制；BC是单倍体，用秋水仙素处理后会得到纯合子，通过这种方法可缩短育种年限。2.甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)能使鸟嘌呤变成7-乙基鸟嘌呤，后者不与胞嘧啶配对而与胸腺嘧啶配对。研究人员用EMS对青檀萌发的种子进行诱变处理，培育青檀彩叶植株，得到叶片表现为黄叶、金边、斑叶等多种变异类型。下列相关叙述错误的是A,获得不同类型的彩叶植株说明变异是不定向的B.用EMS浸泡萌发的种子可以提高基因突变的频率C,获得的变异植株细胞核DNA中的嘌呤含量高于嘧啶D,经EMS处理后青檀体细胞中的染色体数目保持不变【答案】C【解析】诱变的原理是基因突变，基因突变具有不定向性；通过诱变获得不同类型的彩叶植株说明变异具有不定向性。甲磺酸乙酯(EMS)能使鸟嘌吟变成7-乙基鸟嘌呤，进而诱发基因突变，EMS作为一种化学诱变剂，能诱发叶色基因中碱基对替换导致基因突变。EMS能使鸟嘌呤变成7-乙基鸟嘌吟，后者不与胞嘧啶配对而与胸腺嘧啶配对，进而使诱变后基因中的A一T碱基对将G一C碱基对替换，尽管碱基对种类发生替换但碱基对依然由嘌吟碱基和嘧啶碱基组成，因此诱变产生的变异植株细胞核DNA中的嘌呤含量依然等于嘧啶。诱变并未引起染色体数目的改变，因此，经EMS处理后青檀体细胞中的染色体数目保持不变。3.油菜(2=20)的种子可以榨取食用油（菜籽油），芥酸会降低菜籽油的品质。为了培育低芥酸油菜新品种，科学家诱导油菜未受精的卵细胞发育形成完整植株Mua。下列叙述正确的是A.Mua成熟叶肉细胞中含有两个染色体组B秋水仙素处理Mua萌发的种子或幼苗可以培育出纯合子C.自然状态下Mua植株自交可产生大量低芥酸油菜品种D.将植株Mua作为育种材料，能缩短育种年限【答案】D·26

A.岛上的多种达尔文雀的基因库完全不同B.岛上不同的达尔文雀交配会产生可育后代C,不同变异类型决定达尔文雀的进化方向D.达尔文雀与捕食对象相互影响、共同进化【答案】D【解析】由题干信息可知，岛上的多种达尔文雀是由同一种相似的大陆种进化而来的，因此它们的基因库应是部分相同的；生活在不同岛上的达尔文雀之间存在地理隔离，在长期进化过程中，可能产生了生殖隔离，交配可能不会产生可育后代；不同变异类型为进化提供原材料，自然选择决定达尔文雀的进化方向；不同种类的达尔文雀由于食物不同，喙形有很大差异，说明达尔文雀与捕食对象在相互影响中不断进化和发展，即共同进化。9我国境内生存着四川大熊猫和陕西大熊猫两个亚种，前者更像熊，后者更像猫。两者虽然是近亲，但它们近30万年来一直处于地理隔离状态。已知四川大熊猫的X染色体上有一对等位基因M/。下列相关叙述错误的是A.陕西大熊猫的X染色体上可能也存在基因M/m或其等位基因B.四川大熊猫和陕西大熊猫的形态差异是在可遗传变异的基础上自然选择的结果C.两地区的大熊猫由于长期的地理隔离，导致基因库差别较大，因而属于不同物种D.加快同一亚种内大熊猫碎片化小种群之间的基因交流，有助于减少近亲繁殖和遗传衰退问题【答案】C【解析】四川大熊猫与陕西大熊猫为两个亚种，有共同的祖先，故陕西大熊猫的X染色体上可能也存在基因M/m或其等位基因；可遗传变异为生物进化提供原材料，四川大熊猫更像熊，陕西大熊猫更像猫，这是在可遗传变异的基础上自然选择的结果；题干信息并未表明四川大熊猫与陕西大熊猫已产生生殖隔离，故无法判断两者是否属于不同物种；加快同一亚种内大熊猫碎片化小种群之间的基因交流，要恢复它们的栖息地，加快小种群之间的交流，同时要阻断两个亚种的接触，这有助于减少近亲繁殖和遗传衰退问题。10.兰花的“地生”或“附生”能使其利用不同的生活环境生存。研究表明，兰花地生受AGL12基因控制，使它的根能在地下生长和吸收养分；当缺乏AGL12基因时，兰花则长出气生根，这些气生根发育出一种海绵状的表皮，能在空气中吸收养分并储存水分，致使兰花能在树上或石上附着生长。下列相关叙述错误的是A.AGL12基因缺失为兰花种群的进化提供了原材料B.是否具有AGL12基因决定了兰花种群的进化方向C,兰花的生活环境差异较大，有利于新物种的形成D.兰花“附生”是可遗传变异与环境定向选择的结果【答案】B【解析】当缺乏AGL12基因时，兰花则长出气生根，可以在树上或石上附着生长，为兰花种群的进化提供了原材料；自然选择决定了兰花种群的进化方向；兰花的生活环境差异较大，自然选择的结果有利于生物的进化，有利于新物种的形成；兰花“附生”是可遗传变异（缺少AGL12基因为生物进化提供原材料）与环境定向选择的结果。11.羚松鼠被大峡谷分隔成大小不等的多个种群，最终形成了不同的物种。下列关于羚松鼠进化的叙述错误的是A.不同种群的羚松鼠，它们的基因库大小往往不同B.羚松鼠因大峡谷导致长期地理隔离，最终产生了生殖隔离C.环境对羚松鼠的基因型进行了直接选择，导致种群的基因频率发生定向改变D.羚松鼠新物种产生过程中存在着共同进化【答案】C【解析】基因库的大小与种群的大小有关；羚松鼠最终形成了不同的物种，故一定产生了生殖隔离；环境直接选择的是表现型，不是基因型；羚松鼠新物种形成过程中与其他生物及环境始终有联系，存在共同进化。12.蓝脚鲣鸟是一种大型热带鸟类，雄性鲣鸟湛蓝色的脚蹼可以让其有更多机会繁殖后代，但是也容易被天敌发现而被捕食。关于种群中雄鸟的脚璞蓝色的深浅，下列推测正确的是A缺少天敌，脚蹼蓝色会变浅B.引入天敌，脚蹼蓝色会加深C.天敌的存在可决定蓝脚鲣鸟的进化方向D,天敌的存在可以让控制蓝色脚蹼的基因发生定向的改变【答案】C·35·

C,在③④⑤⑥小块中，⑤含生长素最多D.③④生长素含量之和比⑤⑥中生长素含量之和多【答案】D【解析】由于单侧光照射胚芽鞘的尖端，引起生长素向背光侧运输，所以①含生长素比②多。由于含生长素的琼脂块不能感受单侧光的刺激，生长素能由形态学上端向形态学下端运输，所以③和④含有的生长素一样多。生长素不能由形态学下端向形态学上端运输，所以⑤和⑥都不含生长素。由于含生长素的琼脂块只能将生长素从形态学上端向形态学下端运输，所以③④中生长素含量之和比⑤⑥中生长素含量之和多。6.一些人对猫过敏。研究发现，在猫体内存在的过敏原约有10种，其中最主要的是猫唾液中的Feld1(简称F蛋白)。下列有关说法错误的是AF蛋白进入机体后会经过抗原呈递细胞的处理B.在F蛋白的刺激下，B细胞会增殖分化为效应B细胞产生抗体C.淋巴因子可以由免疫细胞合成并分泌D.对F蛋白过敏的人可能是第一次接触F蛋白【答案】D【解析】F蛋白是一种过敏原，过敏原属于抗原，进入机体后会经过抗原呈递细胞的处理；F蛋白是抗原，在F蛋白的刺激下，B细胞会增殖分化为效应B细胞产生抗体；淋巴因子可以由免疫细胞合成并分泌；过敏反应发生在再次接触抗原时，所以对F蛋白过敏的人并非首次接触F蛋白。7某研究小组对燕麦苗尖端进行不同条件的实验处理，如图所示。下列相关叙述错误的是黑暗单侧光单侧光单侧光云母片琼脂块25.825611.511.28.115.4生长素的甲相对含量A燕麦苗尖端的生长素可通过扩散进入琼脂块B.光照对生长素合成的影响较小，但可影响生长素分布C.背光侧的生长素在单侧光照射下大部分运输到向光侧D,若用相同厚度无色透明的明胶片替代云母片，实验现象不同【答案】C【解析】琼脂块没有膜结构，但琼脂块中却含有生长素，说明燕麦苗尖端的生长素可通过扩散进入琼脂块；根据甲、乙、丁图分析可知，光照对生长素合成的影响较小，但可影响生长素分布；由图示可知，单侧光照射导致向光侧部分生长素被运输到背光侧；若用相同厚度无色透明的明胶片替代云母片，生长素能通过明胶片，所以实验结果不同。8.感染HIV会引起艾滋病，下列有关叙述错误的是A.人体T淋巴细胞表面存在HIV受体，HIV与之结合后进入细胞B.HIV在宿主细胞中经逆转录合成DNA时所需的酶和原料都由宿主细胞提供C.艾滋病的传播途径主要有性传播、血液传播、母婴传播D.检查血液中有无HIV抗体，可以确定一个人是否曾受到HIV的侵袭【答案】B【解析】HIV主要攻击人体的T淋巴细胞，人体T淋巴细胞表面存在HIV受体，HIV与之结合后进入细胞；HIV在宿主细胞中经逆转录合成DNA时所需的逆转录酶由HIV提供；艾滋病的传播途径主要有性传播、血液传播、母婴传播；HIV侵入人体后，人体会产生HIV抗体，检查血液中有无HIV抗体，可以确定一个人是否曾受到HIV的侵袭。9.某新冠灭活疫苗(Vro细胞)，可接种三针，前两针之间接种间隔时间建议大于等于3周，第二针接种后6个月的人群可接种第3剂加强针。下列有关叙述错误的是A疫苗注入机体内可直接与相应病毒结合，使病毒失去活性B.多次少剂量注射疫苗可以减弱注射疫苗后机体的不良反应C.间隔注射疫苗有利于机体产生更多的记忆细胞和抗体D通过接种疫苗保护易感人群是传染病防控的重要措施之·52·

得x16-2+1892.81-16r-510气80+400当=0.1125m时，小车落地点与P点的水距离最大为0.45m(1分)小车从P点飞出'p>0,则<0.225m(1分)但因为小车在N点m2≤2.5mg(1分)小车从B到N,由动能定理得1-mg=二v一。m(1分)得r>0.2m(1分)综合可知，当=0.2m时，小车落点与P点水距离最大：-m(1分)5试卷第4页，共4页

参考答案12.解：(1)水吸收的热量器的最大阻值为R2m=R总大-R1=302-10D=202Q段=c*m水△：=4.2×103J/(kg·℃)x2.5kg×80℃=(4)由图像可知，当电路中的电流12=0.2A时，此时R,8.4×105J两端的电压U,'=2V,由串联电路电压规律可知，滑动(2)煤燃烧放出的热量变阻器两端电压为U2'=U-U,'=3V-2V=1VQs8.10此时滑动变阻器R,的电功率为P=U,'L,=1V×0.2A==8.4×106J710%0.2W(3)需要完全燃烧煤的质量17.解：(1)未放物品时，电流表的示数1=0.1A,由P=U1m=Q数84x10°j可得，此时电路消耗的功率为P=1=6V×0.1A=0.28k9煤3×10？J/kg0.6W13.解：(1)电热水壶装满水时水的质量U(2)因电流表的量程为0-0.6A,由R=m=px V=1.0x10 kg/m=1 kg可得，电路中水吸收的热量0em4=4.2×103J/(kg·℃)×1kg电阻的最小阻值6 V=102,所以电路x(970624×10j0.6A(2)电热水壶消耗的电能W=P=2200W×(3×60s+中的总电阻形小手1030462×10j时此时电路中的总电阻R=”」0.1A电热水壶的加热效率)=Q吸1009%=3.234×10」4.62×103J由图丙可知，压敏电阻的阻值随物重的增大而减小100%=70%放上0.2kg的托盘时，由图乙可知，压敏电阻的阻值(3)热水壶消耗电能产生的热量没有全部被水=552,则定值电阻为R。=R-R,=6014.解：(1)行驶的均速度=三28 km当电子秤测量的物体质量最大时，：0.5h=102(2)汽车的重力G=mg=5×10kgx105x10N所受牵引力F=f=0.02G0.所以此时压敏电阻的阻值)R。=102-5=1×103N50(3)牵引力做的功W=28×103m=2.8×由图丙可知，此时压敏电阻上受到的压力为F=52N10JG 52 N(4)氢能源燃烧释放m氢9氢=0.4kg×1.4×压敏电阻物体的总质量为m急=10Jg55x1018 10 N/kg=5.2 kg所以该电子秤能称量的物体最大质量为m大=m一m氢能源燃烧释放的能量转化为机械能的效率5:2 kg-0.2 kg=5 kg7=-×100%=2.8×107×100%=50%解：《1)保温挡；理由：由电路图可知，只闭合S、S,时，电放5.6×10J路为R,的简单电路，处于保温挡或中温挡，已知保温挡15.解：(1)当R2滑片滑到a端时，电压表⑨的示数心2V,由串联电路的电压规律可得，R2两端的电压为的功率为10W,根据P-公可得，保温挡工作时电路=U-U1=6V-2V=4V,即电压表③帕示数为的阻值为R==(220V)2P 110 W=4400,已知R2=1(2)由1=-和串联电路电流规律得,路中的电流则R,=R=440D,R>R,,所以此时处于保温挡为1=11=U 2V4005A喻表的示数为0.5A(2)当只闭合S、S2时，电路为R2的简单电路，夕(220X)(3)整个电路消耗的功率为P=U1=6V×0.5A=3W挡，则中温挡功率为PR110(4)当R2的滑6端时，R2接入电路中的电阻为养生壶处于中温挡通电min生的热量60,通电1min电流做的功为W=。-×60s=Q=W=P中i=440Wx2×60。-528×10J42(3)根据P=,高温挡的实际功率540JD16.解：(1)当滑片位于b端时，电路为R,的简单电路，电压(198V)2(198V)2P实=445.5W表测R,两端的电压（电源电压），此时电路中的电流最44021102大；由图像可知，此时电路中的电流1=0.3A,R,两端19.解：(1)由P=1可知，出温水时电路中的电流为的电压U,=3V,即电源电压为3VP温1100W(2)由1是可知，会0100U:.3V1=U=220V=5A(2)出热水时2min内消耗的电能为W=P热t=2200W(3)根据图像可知，电路中的最小电流为0.1A,则电路×2×60s=2.64×10JU 3V最大总电阻为Rea肤01A300(3)由图甲及P=g可知，触片置于b时电路断开，处因串联电路总电阻等于各部分电阻之和，所以滑动变阻于冷水状态；置于bc时，R,工作，处于温水状态；置于17

如图为世界某区域地质构造略图。据此完成10~11题。14.穿岩十九峰山体岩石类型属于图2中的A.①B.②C.③D.④亚欧板块15.穿岩十九峰形成的地质过程是A岩浆侵入一地壳拾升一风力侵蚀B,变质作用一流水侵蚀一地壳抬升C,地壳抬升一风力侵蚀一外力堆积D.外力堆积一地壳运动一流水侵蚀二、非选择题：本题共2小题，共40分。16.阅读图文材料，完成下列要求。(20分)希腊东南的爱琴海上，有一群火山组成的岛环，其中最大的岛是锡拉岛，岛上几乎没有溪流。锡拉岛上玄武岩（黑色）分布广泛，岛屿的东南岸分布着长达4千米的黑色沙滩。锡拉岛西部沿海断崖陡立，东南沿海地势低。如图示意印度洋板块锡拉岛的位置。10.图中板块边界的类型及其宏观地形分别是A生长边界山脉B消亡边界山脉37C.消亡边界山谷D生长边界山谷11.该区域资源非常丰富，主要包括3732①地热资源②渔业资源③石油资源④铜矿资源。城市圆水城A.①②④B.②③④C.①②③D.①③④函黑沙雅2020年12月17日至20日，北京某代表队到云南腾冲参加研学旅行课程设计(1)分析爱琴海上形成火山岛的原因。(8分)大赛，以高原火山堰塞湖著称的腾冲北海湿地作为研学课程设计的主题。在比赛期间，队员们发现铺设在街道上的黑色玄武岩地砖，渗水性较好，耐用而又美观。如图为岩石圈物质循环示意图。据此完成12~13题。(2)分析锡拉岛东南岸多黑色沙滩的主要原因。(12分)17.读六大板块分布示意图，完成下列要求。(20分)沉积岩12.铺设的黑色玄武岩A.为图中的甲类岩石B.为图中的乙类岩石C.形成过程为图中的②D形成过程为图中的③13.这种玄武岩地砖对城市环境建设的意义是A增强地表径流，使城市内涝加剧B有效增加下渗，减少地表径流C.使热岛效应显著增强，气温升高D.促进地表径流蒸发，降低温度一板块边界一板块运动方向浙江新昌的穿岩十九峰是一种由红色砂岩构成的具有陡峭坡面的地貌，这里(1)从板块构造学说的角度，解释甲山脉的成因。(8分)自然风光优美，是著名的取景地。图1为穿岩十九峰景观图，图2为岩石圈物质循环简图，①②③④代表三大类岩石和岩浆。据此完成14~15题(2)有人说，红海面积会不断扩大，你同意吗？请简要说明理由。(12分)沉积物图1图2地理·周测卷（十二）第3页（共4页）地理·周测卷（十二）第4页（共4页）

英国加文·孟席斯所著《1421：中国发现世界》认为，中国人最早绘制了世界海(2)当地人航行途中在甲地会遭遇的气象灾害可能是什么？简要说明该灾害的图，郑和船队早于哥伦布70年到达美洲大陆，早于库克船长350年发现大洋洲与形成过程。(8分)南极洲。下图是他根据史料绘制的洪保（郑和属下）船队的航线示意图。据此完成13~14题。17.阅读图文材料，完成下列要求。(20分)北极涡旋指盘踞在北极高空的大型冷性涡旋，它极不稳定，容易离开源地，挟带冷空气南下，往往形成罕见的寒潮天气。北极涡旋南下后导致的寒潮天气咸力和影响有多大，也要看当时的大气环流场配置和水汽输送情况。图1和凯尔盖朗岛图2分别为我国1893年某次寒潮形成前和强盛时的高空500hPa等压面高度尔维纳斯群盘赫德岛分布图（单位：米），该次寒潮从1月12日大举南下，直到2月中旬才陆续缓解：在我国南方形成严寒暴雪天气，草木鸟兽成批冻死，珠三角北部积雪明显，史载东南设得群岛莞“地积雪二寸余”“果木皆冻死”。中国气象史上称此次寒潮为“寒潮之王”。20150°13.从有利于航行的角度考虑，郑和船队出使南亚各国的最佳季节是5100A.春季B.夏季C.秋季D.冬季14.下列关于洪保船队的见闻和经历的叙述，正确的是A①航段：正值旱季，阳光直射B②航段：夜空中的北极星指引航向5260C.③航段：沿岸荒漠广阔无垠D.④航段：沿途物质补给非常困难5420558015,冬季我国首都上空的五星红旗，其飘扬的方向一般是740A向东北飘扬B.向西北飘扬C.向西南飘扬D.向东南飘扬二、非选择题：本题共2小题，共40分。16.阅读图文材料，完成下列要求。(20分)材料一中国和澳大利亚之间早在18世纪就存在海上丝路—海参贸易航线。1509100每年12月份当地人从印度尼西亚的望加锡出发到澳大利亚北部再向东至卡奔塔利亚湾进行海参捕捞、加工，于7月份向北回到望加锡；再通过华商将海参输阻塞高压送到中国厦门，能满足当时中国海参需求的1/4；直到19世纪末南澳政府禁止海参捕捞而结束。据记载，船队在航行途中曾因遭遇恶劣天气而损失惨重。5260材料二下图为中澳海参捕捞、贸易路线图。542055802·航线740城市图2(1)说出北极涡旋对应近地面的天气系统类型及性质。(4分)艾利安格拉(2)推测1893年1月北极涡旋南下的原因。(4分)(1)从气压带风带移动规律角度，分析每年12月当地人从望加锡前往澳大利亚(3)2021年1月中旬，北极涡旋南下，因无南支槽系统存在，我国南方无大冰雪北海岸，7月向北回到望加锡航线设计的合理性。(12分)天气。分析1893年1月北极涡旋南下形成“寒潮之王”的原因。(12分)地理·周测卷（七）第3页（共4页）地理·周测卷（七）第4页（共4页）

17.(15分)2022年夏季，我国长江流域出现了持续性较强的高温千旱天气。下图是2022年8月12日部分区域的等压线分布图。据此完成下列要求。960970509800001010301020图例10○水域-10101030、等压线/hPa120°140°160°(1)判断乙地的风向，比较甲乙风力并说明原因。(6分)(2)推测丙处气流状况，并从大气受热过程角度说明丁处出现高温天气的原因。(9分)18.(22分)地理环境要素间存在着密切的关联性。下图为南美洲位置及部分地理要素示意图。据此完成下列要求。6040母大赤道避秘气温/C伊基克25伊基克2020南回归线15腐105010月份A40洋洋丙10080°60°40°20°(1)比较甲乙的盐度并说明原因。(8分)》(2)伊基克临近海洋却形成热带沙漠气候，说明主要原因。(6分)(3)研究发现丙洋流减弱会诱发乙处附近的渔业减产，试分析原因。(8分)鄂州市部分高中教科研协作体高一地理试卷（共4页）第4页

润区，年降水量较多，且河流的汛期在夏季。17.B据图判断4月份降水量较7份小，但径流量大，①错误；该地为内蒙古，该河主要依赖积雪融水补给，4月气温回升，积雪大量融化，径流量大，②正确；地下水的补给一年中较为稳定，变化较小，③错误；与7月相比，4月气温低，冻土消融速度慢，河床河水下渗量小，气温低蒸发弱，④⑤正确。18.C降雨到达地表后，转化为地表径流Q1、壤中流Q2和浅层地下径流Q3,由图可知，从图最左端至T1,地表径流在不断增大至最大，T1一T2之间地表径流在不断减少，T2时刻地表径流为0，恰好全部流出流域出口。T3时刻是壤中流最后流出流域出口的时刻，T4时刻是浅层地下径流最后流出流域出口的时刻。19.C流域内植被破坏后，地表径流增大、下渗减少，壤中流减少、地下径流减少，所以Q增加，Q2减少，Q减少。20.A由图可知，阿塔卡玛沙漠位于南回归线附近，常年受副高控制，下沉气流显著，①正确、④错误；受安第斯山脉影响，地处信风背风坡，下沉气流干燥，②错误；沿岸寒流减湿明显，加剧气候干燥，③正确。21.B厄尔尼诺现象是赤道东太洋海域水温异常升高，东南信风减弱，上升流受抑制，寒流降温减湿作用减弱，会使该地沿岸气温升高，但不会导致气候类型发生变化；气温升高，会使热量条件改善，但这不是“沙漠开花”的原因；由于气温升高，该地上升气流增多，降水增多，使土壤水分增多，有利于植物开花；气温升高，降水增多，昼夜温差减小。22.C甲处为巴拉圭河上游地区，乙处为巴拉圭河下游地带；巴拉圭河上游支流较多，支流汇集至乙处，乙处流量应较大，①正确；从等高线来看，甲处坡度比乙处坡度大，流速更快，乙处流速慢，②错误；甲乙河段之间有大量湿地，湿地具有调蓄径流的作用，故受湿地影响乙处水位季节变化更小，③正确；湿地具有调蓄径流、拦截泥沙的作用，故乙处河段含沙量相对较小，④错误。23.D乙河段上游有大量湿地，其水位季节变化小，丙地水位季节变化大，但这不是建立水电站的主要自然原因；丙河段上游支流众多，来水量较大；乙处等高线稀疏，丙处等高线密集，丙处坡度大地势落差大，有利于建设水电站发电。24.C据图可知，纳米布沙漠的西侧海域位于南半球中低纬度大洋东侧、大陆西岸，沿岸有向北流动的本格拉寒流经过，降温减湿作用明显，使得纳米布沙漠向南回归线以北延伸。25.B据图可知，该渔场位于南半球低纬度大陆西侧海域，东南信风从非洲大陆吹向大西洋，使沿岸表层海水离岸而去，底层海水便上升补充而形成上升补偿流，该补偿流把海底营养盐类带至表层，浮游生物大量繁殖，为鱼虾提供充足的饵料，形成大渔场。其与秘鲁渔场成因类似，其他渔场均为寒暖流交汇形成。26.(1)C>B>A(或AB>C(C

【答案】A【解析】根据材料“政府的共和形式不得成为修改（宪法）提议的对象”可得出其试图以法律的方式巩固民主共和的成果，巩固资产阶级的代议制，反映出资产阶级代议制进一步发展，A项正确。材料不能反映“艰难”，排除B项；材料没有体现君主派，排除C项；材料没有涉及社会矛盾，排除D项。12.根据1875年宪法，法国参众两院均有权通过法律，其中，众议院在财政立法方面处于优先地位，而且有权推翻内阁；而参议院则有权组成高等法院，以起诉和审判犯了罪的总统。这一制度安排表明法国A.吸收了巴黎公社的经验教训B践行了三权分立的原则C.实际上已成为议会制共和国D照搬了美国总统制形式【答案】C【解析】根据材料信息“众议院在财政立法方面处于优先地位，而且有权推翻内阁”“参议院则有权组成高等法院，以起诉和审判犯了罪的总统”可知，法国实际上已成为议会制共和国，故选C项。A项表述与史实不符，排除；材料没有体现三权分立的原则，排除B项；这一制度安排与美国总统制有较大区别，排除D项。13.下表为19一20世纪部分时间段内英国与法国政治运行情况表（部分），据此可知政权内阁与议会关系政局大不列颠及内阁总体辞职，内阁内阁有权提请国家在1801年到1937年(北)爱尔兰联与首相政治上共元首解散议会，重新仅更换44届内阁合王国进退大选内阁的更替并不是内阁无权提请国家法兰西第三共1870年到1940年共全体部长的大换班，元首解散议会，重新和国更换了108届内阁而只是总理下台大选A英国的政治体制比法国的政治体制更为优越B内阁部长相对稳定有利于缓解法国政局危机C.内阁频繁更换导致了法兰西第三共和国衰亡D英国的内阁权力和地位远远大于法国的内阁【答案】B【解析】法国内阁的更替只是总理下台，但是内阁部长不用大换班，一定程度上有利于政策的延续和政局的稳定，故B项正确。从表格无法看出英国的政治体制优于法国，故A项错误；法兰西第三共和国是被德国法西斯打败，并不是因为内阁频繁更换所致，故C项错误；没有足够信息表明英国内阁权力大于法国内阁，故D项错误」14.1848年，德意志爆发了争取自由与统一的革命。1849年，谋求以民主方式统一德国的法兰克福国民议会选举普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉四世为皇帝，但遭到其拒绝。这一做法表明，威廉四世A.坚持以武力统一德意志B.拒绝承认议会的权威C.试图与奥地利分享政权D.致力于谋求共和政体【答案】B【解析】材料反映了威廉四世拒绝法兰克福国民议会选举其为皇帝。结合所学可知，如果他接受国民议会选举的皇帝尊号，就等于承认了议会权力高于专制王权，所以威廉四世的做法意在拒绝承认议会的权咸，B项正确。材料没有体现坚持以武力统一德意志和试图与奥地利分享政权的愿望，排除A、C两项；“致力于谋求共和政体”不符合普鲁士的历史传统和历史事实，排除D项。15.1895年，有学者指出：“容克（指普鲁士贵族地主）这个名称在我们南部德国人听来是一个令人僧厌的…但尽管如此，容克们所具有的政治本能实是一个最大的资本，这使他们曾为国家的权力和利益做出贡献。”这表明近代德国A.国家统一举步维艰B.保守势力逐渐占据主导C.社会矛盾日趋激化D,政治近代化具有特殊性·38·

【解析】青白釉胡人牵马俑反映的是宋朝胡人来到宋朝的情形，结合所学知识可知，这是中外贸易兴盛的佐证，A项正确。通过材料无法看出矿冶业的发展情况，排除B项；胡人牵马俑和娱乐活动无关，排除C项；个性审美在材料中无法体现，排除D项。6南宋时，有谚语云：“苏湖熟，天下足。”明朝时，松江、苏州二府，棉作压倒稻作，“邑之民业，首藉棉布”，嘉兴、湖州二府，蚕桑压倒稻作，“蚕或不登时，举家辄哭”。清朝时出现了“江浙百姓全赖湖广（湖北、湖南）米粟”的现象。据此可知A.江南地区农业结构不断调整B.中国经济重心逐渐向西转移C.资本主义萌芽得到迅速发展D.外来作物引进促进农业发展【答案】A【解析】据材料，南宋时“苏湖熟，天下足”，江南地区是主要的粮食产地，明清时江南地区经济作物种植面积扩大，棉纺织业、丝织业发展，出现“江浙百姓全赖湖广（湖北、湖南）米栗”，据此可知，江南地区农业结构不断调整，故选A项。结合所学知识可知，清朝时期全国的经济重心在南方，排除B项；材料信息无法体现“资本主义萌芽”，排除C项；材料信息没有涉及“外来作物引进”，排除D项。7《明会典》所记载的明朝典章制度中有“钞法”“钱法”，却根本没有“银法”。明英宗正统时期，宝钞逐渐绝迹于民间土地大宗交易；发展至明宪宗成化年间，海外白银大量流入且得到普遍使用，白银成为清一色土地大宗交易的货币。这种变化表明当时A.海外贸易成为国家主要财源B宝钞制度阻碍白银的自由流动C.市场需求推动了白银货币化D民间贸易改变明政府货币政策【答案】C【解析】根据材料“有‘钞法’‘钱法’，却根本没有‘银法’”可知，明政府建立宝钞货币制度，禁用金银交易，白银不是合法货币。由“白银成为清一色土地大宗交易的货币”可知，白银货币化源于市场需求的推动，C项正确。题干中没有数据可以证明海外贸易成为国家主要财源，排除A项；材料反映出白银虽遭到政府抑制，但仍然在民间自由流动，排除B项；材料无法体现明政府货币政策的变化，排除D项。8.明清时期，山西商号财东用人只从乡人中择优保荐，通过“避亲”来凝聚人心；财东将资金全权委托掌柜，一切经营调度不予过问，如有赔累而非人为原因，财东反加劝慰，立即补足资金以观后效；有的票号更直接以“志一”为牌号名。由此可知，晋商的经营方式A.渗透了传统儒家“和合”理念B.体现了资本主义萌芽的要求C形成了近代企业管理的机制D.促进了晋商组织的迅速发展【答案】A【解析】依据材料可知，明清时期，山西商号以“避亲”凝聚人心，以“全权委托”协调关系，倡导“志一”，推进团结，体现了儒家思想中的“和合”理念，A项正确。资本主义萌芽的表现是出现雇佣关系，材料现象不是资本主义萌芽的体现，排除B项；明清时期没有形成近代企业管理的机制，排除C项；“促进了晋商组织的迅速发展”在材料中并无体现，排除D项。9.下图所示为中国古代都城移动示意图。该图反映了中国古代少数民族军事据点的转移nnannnnnnnnnn北京Q城、湘河黄河Q开封洛阳运长安中国前期（周一北宋）经济重心的转移长南京江A.前期的都城逐渐由西向东迁移B,都城随着经济中心的变动而变动C.后期的都城与经济重心相分离D.运河使都城摆脱经济条件的限制。7·

)(2)根据材料一、二并结合所学知识，概括中央苏区和陕甘宁边区的乡村治理经验。(6分）19.阅读材料，完成下列要求。(14分)材料表11950一2010年中国进出口贸易总额统计（单位：亿美元）年份进出口总额出口总额进口总额差额195011.35.55.8-0.3195531.414.117.3-3.2196038.118.619.5-0.9196542.522.320.22.1197045.922.623.3-0.71975147.572.674.9-2.31980381.4181.2200.2-191985696273.5422.5-1491154.4620.9533.587.419902808.61487.81320.8167199520004742.924922250.9241.16601.21018.8200514221.2762013948.31831201029727.615779.3整理自对外经济贸易年鉴历史（新高考版）试题第6页（共8页）

绝密★启用前广东省新高考普通高中学科综合素养评价高三年级▣2政治查成绩本试卷共6页，20小题，满分100分。考试用时75分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡指定位置。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。一、单项选择题：本小题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。1.“春种一粒粟，秋收万颗子。四海无闲田，农夫犹饿死。”唐朝诗人李绅的诗采用鲜明的形象和深刻的对比来揭露当时的社会现实。对此理解正确的有()A.地主占有全部土地，具有较强的生产能力B.农民毫无人身自由，普遍生产积极性不高C.地主把农民视为“会说话的工具”，任意转让、出租、买卖D.封建土地所有制使农民不得不依附于地主，受地主阶级奴役2.2022年，我国迎来改革开放44周年。改革开放是当代中国发展进步的活力之源，它改变了中国的历史命运。关于我国改革开放说法不正确的是()①改革在城市率先取得突破，企业改革迈出重要步伐②改革开放就是对外开放，有利于巩固计划经济体制③改革开放没有完成时，停顿和倒退都是没有出路的④改革开放促进生产力的发展，使人民生活大大改善A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④3.中国特色社会主义进入了新时代，我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。对新时代我国社会主要矛盾及其变化的理解正确的有()①这一矛盾是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征和最大优势②发展不充分主要指各区域、各领域、各方面的发展存在失衡现象③主要矛盾的变化深刻反映了我国社会需求和社会生产的新特点④新时代主要矛盾的变化没有改变我们对社会主义所处历史阶段的判断A.①②B.①④C.②③D.③④高三政治第1页（共6页）

100所名校高考模拟金典卷·思想政治（一）23新高考，UD,思想政治-LN100所名校高考模拟金典卷·思想政治（一）23新高考JD·思想政治-LN2.国家主席在北京出席2022年世界经济论坛视频会议并发表演讲时郑重宣示：中国将坚定不移推进改革开放。中国改革开放永远在路上。不论国际形势发生什么变化，中国都将高举改革开放的旗帜。下列对改革开放认识正确的是①改革开放为当代中国发展进步奠定了根本政治前提©o所名校高考模拟金典卷②改革开放是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路③改革开放开启探索适合中国国情的社会主义建设道路思想政治（一）④改革开放是实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④100所名校高考模拟金典卷·思想政治（一）23新高考JD思想政治LN100所名校高考模拟金典卷·思想政治（一）23新高考JD·思想政治-LN第I卷（选择题共48分）答案D一、选择题（本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。在每小题给解题分析中华人民共和国的成立，为当代中国发展进步奠出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的)】定了根本政治前提和制度基础，①说法错误；社会主义基本制度确1.中国用铁一般的事实宣告：历史没有终结也不会终结，社会主义立后，中国共产党在马克思主义基本原理的指导下，以苏联的经验生机蓬勃、前途无限！中国特色社会主义道路不但走得对、走得教训为鉴戒，结合中国具体实际，开启艰辛探索适合中国国情的社通，而且必将通往更加光明的未来！中国的社会主义实践表明会主义建设道路，③说法错误。①社会主义终将代替资本主义是不可逆转的②科学社会主义是推动社会变革的根本动力③社会主义具有强大的生命力和远大发展前途④科学社会主义消灭了生产力与生产关系的矛盾A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④100所名校高考模拟金典卷·思想政治（一）23新高考JD思想政治-LN100所名校高考模拟金典卷·思想政治（一）23新高考JD思想政治LN答案B3.事实充分证明，中国特色社会主义在推动国家经济社会发展进解题分析生产力与生产关系的矛盾运动是推动社会变革的步的同时，有力保证了人民生活水提高，让中国人民朝着共同根本动力，②说法错误；生产力与生产关系的矛盾是人类社会的基富裕的目标稳步前进。中国特色社会主义之所以好，在于其本矛盾之一，科学社会主义不能消灭生产力与生产关系的矛盾，④①理论的科学性，能够回答时代命题，引领时代发展说法错误。②道路的成功性，能够适合各国国情，增进民生福祉③制度的优越性，能够凝聚奋斗伟力，应对风险挑战④文化的先进性，能够借鉴有益成果，实现多元指导A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④1

广又与训吴以典纷苍央语五C.It takes place in the daytime.Live内请A满分150分，考试时间120分钟14.When will the man have the speech course?EngReco答时间给的第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）A.On Monday evenings.有时间阅听下面做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的Entry时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。B.On Saturday evenings.C.In the daytime on Sundays.1-Ho第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）Safety me6段材料听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C15.What's the time now?All arCustoA.10:05will the个小题，三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。B.10:3010:25The n1.What does the man think of the movie?16.How will the woman go to the party?Traveler r回答第6、A.By bus.B.On foot.C.By car.Custofind information每段对话或独白读两每咖A.Moving.woman do if sheB.Humorous3.C.Terrible17.Who will move into a new flat?Prepare foWhich city are the speakers in?A.Mrs.White.B.Mr.BrianA.In Shanghai.C.Mr.BenderMeetirB.In New York.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。Join th3.What sport does the man like best?C.In Tokyo18.How did the employees help Joao?ImportantA.Swimming.KnowB.FootballA.They gave him some money.Childroks4.Which aspect does the woman like about her new job?C.Basketball.B.They found him an adoptive home.C.by a dedicaA.Enough work time.B.Frequent travel.They changed his appearance greatly.for a fare-p19.5.Where does the conversation take place?C.The incomeWho is Maria Coelho?Summabout?A.In the woman's house.B.In a hospital.A.Joao's sisterWinter第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）C.In a schoolB.The owner of the barbershop.PleaseC.A warm-hearted stranger.21.What听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所20.给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将What is the passage talking about?A.It'sB.The有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；A.A barbershop's popularity.听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的B.The great power of the friendship.C.Each驷作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍C.A homeless man's amazing experienceD.The听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。22.What6.Where will the woman go for?第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分)A.Get蕭A.WuhanB.Shi Jiazhuang.C.Beijing.第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）B.Dec7.When will the train leave?阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项：C.GetA.At6:30.B.At7:30.D.ReccC.At18:30.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。New York:Big Bus Hop-On Hop-Off Sightseeing Tour23.WhatHop on board a sightseeing bus to discover the city that doesn't sleep.A.Join8.Who is the youngest in the company?Hop on and off as many times as you like with ticket options valid for 1,2or 3 days,and explore Downtown,and Uptown,with options includingB.CleaA.Jack.B.SusanC.David.9.What does Jack think of Susan?Harlem,Brooklyn and night tour.C.PayA.Experienced.B.EnergeticAbout this activityD.BrinC.Aggressive.Free cancellation10.What're the speakers talking about?Cancel up to 24 hours in advance to receive a full refundWhenA.The differences between Susan and David.Optional audio guiderecently,thB.The person to be responsible for the new project.Spanish,Chinese,English,French,German,Italian,Japanese,Portuguese,couple assuC.The way that Mr.Brown will manage the company.Russianmess in the听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。Wheelchair accessible11.What's the probable relationship between the speakers?Highlightstheir securitA.Teacher and student.See the icons and landmarks of New York,from Times Square to theWhatwalking neB.Customer and staff.Empire State Building and the world famous Brooklyn Bridgefell in.SincC.Employer and employee.See Midtown and catch views of Central Park and Museum Mile on theUptown Loopsides of the12.Which is the shortest course?After a fewA.Introducing Speech.Hop on or hop off at your leisure to create your own customized journeyaround the cityJessie is aB.Art of Speech.Use a free headset to hear pre-recorded commentary in a selectionlanguagesoffriend strugC.Advanced Speech13.What is special about the middle level course?Includespool's edgeA.It calls for relative experience.Hop-on,Hop-off Sightseeing Bus Ticket (1 or 2-day,depending onFor 34option selected)B.It's the longest of the courses.to grab holFree Wi-Fiof her gra考前模拟演练卷英语五（有听力）第1页考前模拟演练卷英语五（有听力）第2页

"This changed our relationship with the 55 greatly,"says Alwan."They're showing somuch love,and they're lining up at the store for a chance to play."41.A.shortB.goodC.certainD.free42.A.bankB.desertC.kingdomD.supermarket43.A.shopsB.familiesC.companiesD.organizations44.A.specialB.familiarC.essentialD.attractive45.A.chargeB.struggleC.prepareD.answer46.A.friends'B.salespersons'C.customers'D.colleagues'47.A.helped outB.looked forC.asked aboutD.turned down48.A.creditB.justiceC.strengthD.courage49.A.delaysB.changesC.happensD.survives50.A.consumeB.purchaseC.orderD.grab51.A.clearlyB.bravelyC.secretlyD.proudly52.A.savesB.coversC.collectsD.estimates53.A.playingB.distributingC.promisingD.contributing54.A.richestB.noisiestC.happiestD.toughest55.A.countryB.businessC.communityD.environment第Ⅱ卷注意：将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效，第二节(10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。It is widely acknowledged that wealthy people generate more pollution or carbon emissions(than the less fortunate.The richest 10 percent of humanity was responsible5652 percent of global emissions between1990 and 2015,according to a 2020 Oxfam report 15 percent of global emissions57(produce)by therichest I percent alone during that time.Global income data tracks closely with emissions data:The WorldInequality Lab's 2022 report found that the 58(wealthy)10 percent eam 52 percent of all income,while the poorest half of all people eam just 8.5 percent.On59individual level,people with morewealth are more likely to own cars,travel by airplane and own big homes 60 consume lots of energy.Wealthy people are also more likely to invest in the stock market.By giving a company money,investors permit the company's business practices,61(expect)a positive retumn.So profitablecompanies tend to avoid 62 (risk)like reorganizing their supply chain 63(be)moreenvironmentally friendly.Still,the blame for greenhouse gas emissions 64 (fall)on companies and goverments.Whilemany companies have taken modest steps to reduce pollution,emissions are still increasing 65willpossibly stay that way until the goverments of major polluters force companies to gradually switchfrom fossil fuels.第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假如你是李华，某国际学枚英语报“Cross-cultural Communication"栏目的负贵人，请你写则通知，呼吁全校学生向专栏投稿，内容包括：1.栏目简介：2.稿件要求：3.投稿方式和截止日期。英语试愿卷第7页（共8页）

21铅密★启用前心高三英语考试士签家前，者生务必特自已的址名，考生号.考场号和屋位号维写在答题卡上注意事项：2回答选择题时，适出山身小题答案后拥6笔北答题卡上对应随日的多案标学涂黑。如需故动，用惊皮擦干净后，再远涂其他答案标号。回答非遍择避时，特茶案写在第二部分需析网厂卡上写在本球常上无第一节（共15小题：每小题25分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B.C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项The ages cty in witzerland fer ZurichGeneva has good position on thewestem end of Lake Geneva,in the Frencpeaking par of Switzerland Visitors toGenevainda clean and elegant city.Here are some best things to dorinenevahe utlo of盒忘e,Catch the Spray from the Jet d'Eaud'Eau (water jet)soon became a symbol of the city of Geneva.It shoots water nearly 140 me-ters into the air and is one of the tallest fountains in the world.Unless winds are too strong.the Jet d'Eau runs every day and is illuminated (at night.Tour the Palais des NationsConstructed in the 1930s as the headquarters of the short lived League of Nations,thePalais des Nations (Palace of Nations)is a major tourist attraction.Visitors are free t wanin on n hour-long guided tour of several of the buildings.TakeaBreak at the Jardin Anglais&the Flower Clockrods nGeneva seem to lead to the Jardin Anglais a small,prettily planted lakeromt(湖边地)garden in the cer fGeneva..Crowd小s gather here for the flower elock,anoversid timepece with sesonal flowers Plenty of sitting areas,mature shade trees.dcentral foun make thisa relaxing place to take a break from sightseeing.Stroll(漫步)along the Lakefront and RiversideThe Jardin Anglais is just one of severa places to admire the lake and the Je d Eau.Theentireki for Thereo oodbikehenpireS及dp面小night,the【喜三项语第小而1共8面门804U·gING:

K/s0⑦N897415:3244.B花在若陆后群大在衣过em清并庆祝他非凡的成就。)最后段中的his chidren's achievements t也有提45.D结合上一空解析，此处表示他创造吉尼斯世界记录的成就。46.A下一句说，他的19岁姐姐扎拉于今年1月完成了自己的单人环球飞行，创造了驾驶超轻型飞机完成环球飞行的纪录。由此可知，Rutherford出生在一个飞行员(flyers)家庭。47Mack Rutherford在2020年就获得(eam飞行员驾照48.D在2020年，l5岁的Mack Rutherford获得飞行驾照，成为了世界上最年轻的(youngest)飞行员。担据上下文可知，在他五个月的飞行旅程(p)期间他刚好满17岁。herford成为独自环游fly around)世界的最年轻的飞行员，打破世界纪录3/42023届高三上学期11月段考·英语参考答案第2页共4页51BRutherford的旅程始于3月23日，穿越了五大洲的52个国家(countries)52.D为了能得到吉尼斯世界纪录的认可(recognized),Rutherford穿越赤道两次Ruthe开始计划(planneA三个月内完成这次飞行之但是由于经历了像暴雨和沙尘暴等这样的阻碍(barriers),这次飞行时间比计划的要长一些55D大部分延迟(delays)的时间都用在了等待获得飞行和要求配套飞行计划的文件56.B在Rutherford的飞行期间，他的姐姐不断地(constantly)和他保持联系并帮助他。下文Our parents calledhim every day也是提示57.ARutherford为父母每天都和他通电话，而他的姐姐也加入到那些电话谈话(conversations)中，给弟弟的飞行给出建议。58.B姐姐给出关于飞行线路等的建议是想证明姐姐对弟弟的飞行是有用的(useful)59CRutherford的父亲对于孩子们的成就感到非常高兴,自然是非常自豪的proud)60.DRutherford的父亲告诉记者们，Rutherford这样的经历有助于让其他孩子们明白要追逐(follow)自己的想【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了数学里面最著名的常量之一：圆周率π。它是一个无理数，即是个无限不循环小数。虽然有人挑战记忆它的巨长的数字，但是无人能背到它的终点。它的作用很大，并运用到很多领域之中61.what考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句，作动词know的宾语，且从句中means后面缺宾语，故填what引导宾语从句。62 divided考查过去分词。此处为过去分词短语作后置定语63.pennies考查名词。此处指便土；硬币，故复数为pennies。而它的复数形式pence是表示货币单位64.is celebrated考查动词时态和语态。根据上下文语境可知，此处表示“这就是π节日被庆祝的原因'之意。故使用一般现在时的被动语态。65.actually考查副词。此处修饰形容词山ssible,故用其副词形式66.powerful考查词性转换。此处修饰后面的名词computer,故用其形容词形式作定语。67.the考查介词。the end of pi表示“π的数字尽头”之意，为特指。68.discovered考查动词时态。根据本句中的st可知，此处谓语动词的时态为一般过去时。69.for考查介词。“for+一段时间”表示某动作或状态持续多长时间，作状语时常与现在完成时连用70.to build考查动词不定式。此处考查use sth to do sth这一结构，为动词不定式短语作目的状语附听力部分录音原文：Text 1M:So.I'll seeou in the library.It's near the town square.The door is at the side,though,so you can't see itW:Oh,I'll find it.I'll ask someone when I get to the town hall.Text 2W:Shall we go to the cinema this afternoon?M:I'd love to,but I have to tidy up my room.I asked Jack for help,but he said he had to do his homeworkText3M:Hi.Can we pay,please?W:Yeah,sure.That's thirteen dollars,please.Six for the coffees and seven for the ice creams.M:OK.Here you are.Fifteen dollars.Keep the change.Text4M:Right,that's it...I've done the washing-up and the cleaning.And I've also picked up the children's toys.W:That's great,darling.Would you like me to make you a cup of tea?M:Yes,please.Can I have a piece of cake,too?Text5M:I'm thinking of visiting the Great Barrier Reef in Australia.W:It's bound to be just right for you.Depending on your preference,you can enjoy the views by boat,byhelicopter or by seaplaneM:Flying is too dangerous for my liking.Text 6W:Hi,John!Do you have any spare time this weekend?M:No,I don't,because I've got lots of homework to do over the weekend.Why are you asking?W:My class is going to replant trees in the park that were damaged by the fire.Do you want to come along?M:Oh!That sounds like fun.When are you going?W:On Sunday.You can find me there any time between 10 am and 3 pm.2023届高三上学期11月段考·英语参考答案第3页共4页M:I might try to come if I finish my homework.W:Great!Text 7M:Judy,what are you doing this summer?Are you going somewhere with the family?W:We're still making plans.We usually go somewhere together,but this year everyone wants to do something differentM:Like what?W:My husband wants to go fishing.Timmy would like to go swimming.And Sarah just wants to shop.M:And you?W.Aally,I'd like to go to someart museums.and maybe read a novel or two

whether tomovek,tostdymbecauseeivaway from the largeurban centers.40's specially fit for those who want to spend less on fuel or would loveA.Carpooling is also fit for long routes.to have an eco-friendlyapproach for the environment.B.That helps you reduce your fuel cost.C.However,nowadays it is a bit different.D.Each passenger can travel for a reduced cost.E.In today's digital time we are constantly connected.F.In these situations,car sharing becomes an excellent option.G.Moreover,it improves the environment since it means less cars.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）11m1ucdB丹CD(m0BCAAD第-节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）B pDDBDDCAD嵌阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最Clie.gtirmanonoisqxsboiloH些My job is to help clients find jobs and return to school for training.One day,a lady came佳选项。to my office with a dream to become a registered nurse.However,her family did not 41.蝶With young children to care for and her husband unemployed,she simply didn't have thewod.A8It was clear that this lady had a(n)43 for the nursing profession,so I encouraged her42 to return to school.to realize her dream.I 44 her with necessary information to apply for nursing school.Sheleft my office,and I never 45 whether she followed her dream or not.Many years later,I was diagnosed (with breast cancer.I was 46 to hospital.烟多余The surgery was successful.It was,47,very painful.Though I 48 myself on not be-ing a bell ringer,one night the pain was so 49 that I had to call for a nurse.I rang the哦e9one tobell and waited for 50.A nurse came through the door and offered to help.I 51陶36thanked her for coming to my rescue.I said,"Iam not usually like this."To my 52,she said,"Oh,I know that,Mrs.Bryenton."It 53 that she was justeed tothe lady who I had encouraged to follow her dream years before.She subsequently ()re-le whoturned to school for upgrading and later 54 nursing.You never know what 55 your encouraging words will have on someone.It is amaz-tions.also ad-ing that many of my clients would56 to say thanks to me.To this day,I am still 57t is alsoby strangers in the street and reminded that I was instrumental(起重要作用)inl58 theirlife.wouldI truly believe we make a 59 by what we get,but we make a wonderful life by whatefic situa-we60.C.careD.decline41.A.respondiasw boB.approveconver-D.invitation42.A.meansB.qualitiesC.rightC.passionD.abilityB.experiencea family,43.A.talent【高三英语第8页（共10页）】2008CQG··06

whether tofarther back in time,urban cente4to have antoRowe.There are also signs that they cooked the animal bones oA.Carpto melt off the fat."The real evidence that we have has to do with the breakage patteB.Thatand how thorough they are.They must have used rocks or hammer stones to bust the skeletonC.Hov32TepeopoouRowe told USA Today)32.What c be at eeum in North America?D.EacA.They arrived there 16,000 years ago.E.In toB.They caused mammoth to disappear.F.In thC.They belonged to the Clovis culture.G.MoD.They could make tools with bones.第三部分33.Why are the findings similar to the new one ignored?第一节(A.They lack a good chance.阅读下C.They disagree with earlier research.B.They fail to draw attention.34.How does Rowe find the new discovery?D.They aren't studied scientifically.佳选项。My jolCA.Annoying.B.Inspiring.35.What can be a suitable title for the text?C.Puzzling.D.Embarrassing.to my officWith younA.Evidence of Earlier Humans'Arrival in North AmericaB.The Earliest Humans'Settling in North America42 toIt wasC.The Earliest Tool Makers in North AmericaD.Research on Mammoths in North Americato realize h第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）left my offMany根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余The surger选项。db“oing a bellTraveling in the same car with several people is an excellent idea,which allows one tobell and wsaven fuel.In the past,few of uwould go tothe companyoork place together.6thanked heWe share a car every day with people whom we do not know anything about.We just need toTo mconnect to the Internet or use a mobile app to find the perfect transport for us.the lady v37 CIt makes practical sense to use tools at our hands to connect with people whoturned towould like to share cars together.Tools like mobile apps help contribute to sharing options.YouUndoubtedly,carpooling (is an excellent option to save some money.It also ad-ing thatjusts our monthly budget for other activities,but the truth is that thie type of transport is alsoby stranmuch better suited to improve the traffic conditions of cities.38life.Practically speaking many times,we see heavy traffic but upon further finding we wouldI tsee many cars with only one passenger in it.Rather than being alone in a heavy traffic situa-we 6tion,why not have passengers?39At the same time,you can also have amazing conver-741.A乃42.Asations.Spending on transportation is part of what we consider to be fixed expenses in a family,643.A【高三英语第7页（共10页）】2005C·HEN·

30.What can we know about rice-based baby snacks from the last paragraph?A.They may be highly addictive.B.They're relatively safe.C.They only contain one heavy metal.D.They're the most seriously polluted.31.From which is the text probably taken?A.A biology textbook.B.A research paper.C.A health magazine.D.A travel brochure.DThe Moon was first visited by the Soviet Union's unmanned Luna 1 and Luna 2 in 1959,and more nations have followed since.The US sent three classes of robotic missions to preparethe way for human exploration:Rangers (1961-1965)were impact probes,Lunar Orbiters(1966-1967)mapped the surface to find landing sites,and Surveyors (1966-1968)were softlanders.The first human landing on the Moon was on July 20,1969.During the Apollo missionsin the early 1970s,12 American astronauts walked on the Moon and used a Lunar Roving Ve-hicle to travel on the surface.The Apollo astronauts brought back 382 kilograms of rock andsoil to Earth for study.After a long hiatus ()lunar exploration restarted in the 1990s with the US roboticmissions Clementine and Lunar Prospector.Results from both missions suggested that waterice might be present at the lunar poles,but a controlled impact of the Prospector spacecraftproduced no observable water.The US began a new series of robotic lunar missions with thejoint launch of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)and Lunar Crater Observation andSensing Satellite (LCROSS)in 2009.In 2012,the Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory(GRAIL)twin spacecraft studied the Moon's gravity field.In March 2019,NASA announcedplans to send US astronauts back to the surface of the Moon by 2024.The European Space Agency,Japan,China and India all have sent missions to explore theMoon.China has landed two rovers on the surface,including the first-ever landing on Moon'sfar side in 2019.A company from Israel sent a spacecraft to land on the Moon in April 2019.Israel's Beresheet successfully orbited the Moon,but was lost during a landing attempt.32.What was the purpose of Lunar Orbiters launched in 1966?A.To help soft landing.B.To research the chemical of the soil.C.To find landing sites.D.To find minding sites.33.When did the astronauts take lunar rock and soil back to Earth?A.During the early 1970s.B.During the late 1990s.C.In1968.D.In2019.34.What can we infer from the third paragraph?A.There was no lunar exploration in the 1980s.【高一英语第6而1共10而51R

30.What does the underlined word "shuffling"mean in paragraph 4?A.Observing.B.Describing.C.Rearranging.D.Protecting.31.Which is a suggested solution to helping mums into work?A.Reducing childcare fees.B.Strengthening children's responsibility.C.Shortening children's structured days.D.Offering the best life start to children.DOn January 7th,2022,David Bennett became the first person to have a hearttransplanted successfully into him from a pig.On that occasion,mere operation successwas the goal.This operation is a milestone for xenotransplantation(异种移植)-thetransfer of organs from other species to human patients.For decades,researchers have attempted to deal with xenotransplantation's basicproblem.This is that the human body,when it recognizes foreign tissue,tends to turagainst it.In the case of pigs,the most important marker of foreignness is a sugarmolecule (called alpha-Gal.While this molecule does not exist in humans,antibodies to kill it do.So no transplant from a pig with alpha-Gal would last more thana couple of minutes in a human body.In 2003 pigs were produced with a changedgenome(基因组)so as to prevent the enzyme(酶)responsible for making alpha-Gal.This was a step in the right direction,but other barriers popped up.The pig for David's operation had a genome changed in ten ways to increase thechances of success.Three genes had been removed to reduce the risk of a humanantibody rejecting the organ.A fourth,a growth gene,had also been knocked out,toensure the heart did not enlarge after transplantation.And six human genes had beenadded to promote acceptance.There are other concerns.One is any unknown rejection mechanism.Another is thepossibility that the organ may pass viruses to its new host.The pig in question was raisedwhere there was no virus to reduce the chance of that,but it remains a possibility.In theory,pigs can be raised to provide humans with any solid organ,but some willbe more complex than others.Moreover,even these barriers can be overcome,mostresearchers still acknowledge that increasing xenotransplantation to meet the world'sdemand for organs may take decades.After this news,however,the chances that it will

What is the advantage of the woman working in the library?A.She can read books anytime.B.She can study while working.C.She can learn romother sudeHow much will the woman carn if she works six hours a week?A.$20所第10段材料，回答第18至20题。B.$60.C.$120.)18.Which is one of the advantages of Great Falls?A.People are friendlyB.There is a large college.C.There are family gatherings.Which is what Smithfield Collere's inutor shoud have?A.At least ten years'experience in their fields.B.At least ten years'experience in American culture.C.At least ten years'experience at Smithfield College.)20.Whom is the speaker mainly speaking to?A.Chinese teachers.B.Chinese students.6o08aud va.AC.Students all over the world.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）s0iW .A第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A山01ooo0Accessible Adventures Near Global AirportsAdventure doesn't have to mean inaccessible destinations.You may tryo of these oudorexperfes.They're all reasonalyoyoudesnonsae eay to reach.Camp by Boat on California's Anacapa IslandAirport:Los Angeles International Airpor以rrporacecnymoethere areodor2aa2 dof ne人eeCeand Harbor in Oxnard,just north of Los Angeles.From Los Angelesyou can take a bus for the scenic trip to the harbor.名师导学·名校名卷经典试题汇编英语（四）一3

ENGLISH WEEKLY关治闺款高二课标Book6Unit2同步评估(2022-2023)第17期B★★★☆☆●My first exposure to poetry began at about age 12.Back then,teachers andThis is really fun and interesting,in that I get to see in person how people areschool administrators chose me to take part in the "Gifted Student Program"reacting to my work.I have come a long way from that teen that was too shy toa program for advanced learners.Poetry was a weekly requirement,along withshare her work.classes in creative writing.I fell in love at first write!As a shy and awkwardteen.I found that poetry gave me a way to express lots of my emotions24.What led the author into the world of poetry?and feel a sense of empowerment.A.The influence of her poet mother.To make a long story short,one day my mom went into my bedroom andB.A special program organized by her school.happened to see some of my private work.She was impressed.She said I hadC.The encouragement from one of her teachers."a gift"that should be shared.The rest,as they say,is history.D.A competition among advanced learners in her school.Poetry,contrary to popular opinion,can be difficult to create,though it25.What is a popular opinion about poetry according to paragraph 3?may appear easy.It's rare for me to prepare for poetry on purpose.For the bestA.It can't be forced.results,the process can't be forced.Ideas typically surface as a reaction orB.It is easy to create.C.It needs careful preparation.response to something I see on TV,a conversation,something I have read,oreven random(随意的)thoughts.D.It comes from random thoughts.People sometimes ask me:what is the most important thing a poem must26.What does the author think a poem should do in the first place?do?That's a good question.I think that it depends on the poem and its purpose.A.It should mirror the poet's life.B.It should have a specific purpose.But,essentially a poem should produce emotions.C.It should relate to people's feelings.I try to make my poems deliver the message by being honest and authenticD.It should cover more than one subject.(真实的)，by adding common experiences that are relatable.My new book Ode27.What does the author do in the "Spoken Word"scene?to Toni Morrison has about 50 poems on everything from love,to thoughts onA.She writes poems live.the COVID-l9 pandemic,to social issues.It's very diverse(多样的).B.She collects ideas for her poems.I am also a part of the“Spoken Word”scene,meaning that I“performC.She displays her poems to peoplemy work in front of live audiences at jazz clubs,coffee shops,libraries,eteD.She builds her confidence to share her works.★★★女●Lawrence Ganti from the US has lived in Switzerland,Japan,and India.found that cultures have a lot in common.In many parts of Latin America,forWhen his work with Merck,a company that develops treatments for many ofexample,giving straight advice or criticism in conversation isn't typical.Tothe world's most challenging diseases,first took him to Japan.he was struckmake a point,he did just that in meetings.and attendees were often shocked.by how comfortable his Japanese co-workers were with silence.During"I'm usually sent to places where change is needed,"Ganti says."You have tomeetings in the US,people are usually uneasy with quiet and fill a quiet periodmake changes.”with talk.Not so in Japan."You don't break the silence unless you havesomething important to say,"says Ganti.Surprisingly,when he next lived in28.How do Indians differ from the Japanese according to Ganti?India,he found conversations were typically lively,loud and full ofA.They easily accept silence.B.They usually talk excitedly.interruptions(打t).“Silence is never expected,”he says..C.They dislike being interrupted.The Japanese value the building of trust and relationships,Ganti adds.InD.They seem nervous in business meetings.Japan,nothing might be accomplished in the first meeting,and no real progress29.What had the foreigners going to Japan expected according to paragraph 2?may be made until the parties sit down for a lunch or dinner.Ganti remembersA.They would be invited to dinner.greeting foreigners who flew to Japan with the intention of holding theirB.They could leave Japan the next day.meeting and flying out that same day."It's just a half-hour discussion,"theyC.They could get their tasks done soon.told him.He replied,"That half-hour discussion won't go anywhere.D.They would have a very interesting meeting.Cyrus Sabouri from New Jersey,the US,had similar experiences in the30.What upset Sabouri when he first worked in Bahrain?Middle East.He lives in Bahrain,where he works for American ExpressA.Work is more important than life there.Middle East."Meetings can require personal introductions,which oftenB.Personal introductions are often ignored.consume (more of the meeting than the things to be discussed,"he says.C.There are a lot of long business meetings.He was frustrated (by this custom when he first moved to the islandD.Bahrainis value relationships very highlynation."You eventually leam that it is hard to draw the line between business31.What does Ganti find about many Latin Americans?and personal life,"he says."Warm and friendly relationships can be theA.They are generally willing to accept new ideasdifference between a deal or no deal with the Bahraini."B.They like to solve puzzles in their spare timeGanti's current job with Merck takes him throughout Latin AmericaC.They seldom express their views directly.While each country presents its own cultural puzzle to figure out,Ganti hasD.They hardly ever make comments on others.D★★★★☆As a big reader.Megan Wood says no fantasy novel ever quite satisfiedtopics of inequality and injustice(不公).her,so she decided to write her own.Wood is the author of the newly-publishedWood said she began writing the novel in 2017.With funding (fromnovel The Naidisbo,a fantasy coming-of-age story,and her first publishedthe NWT Arts Council she was able to publish it."I hope people takebook.advantage of the NWT Arts Council because it's there and I don't think it's"I think there's a lot of room in the world for literature dealing with thethat well known,"she said.The Naidisbo is now sold online on Amazon.world of magic,"she said of her inspiration."I've always written and so I juststarted developing this idea and the characters and the story just kind of grew."32.What is paragraph 2 mainly about?Wood explained that The Naidisbo一which is obsidian(黑曜岩)spelledA.How Wood's book came into being.backward-takes place in a fictional world called Torekan that has been ruledB.What people thought of Wood's book.by the Order of Alvar under a theocracy(神权政治国家)for 150 years.TheC.What expectations Wood had of the book.Order considers people with pure powers,which are connected to the elementsD.How Wood changed after writing the bookof fire and water,as upper-class people.Those with powers connected to the33.What does The Naidisbo talk about?earth,known as naturalists,are looked down upon.A.A real-life theocracy.B.An unfair social systemThe main character in the novel,Anika Dian.has served the Order sinceC.Some fire and water disasters.D.Some loving upper-class people.she was a child and was led to believe that naturalists were bad.But she ends34.What did Wood say of this book?up leaming the truth about them and comes into her own as a rebellion (A.It is full of funny stories.B.It is the first of a three-book series.is drawing near."It's really a story about adventure;it's a story aboutC.It centers on Anika's carefree journey.growth,"Wood said."I just hope that readers have fun going on this joumneyD.It shows a girl's change and growth.with our main character,Anika,growing as she does and maybe changing their35.What does Wood think of the NWT Arts Council?opinions a little bit."A.It's underused.B.It's too active.The Naidisbo is the first book in a planned two-part series that exploresC.It's well-known.D.It's hard to approach.

题型14高考完形填空题型完形填空综合训练（二）主题语境话题人与社会核心素养典题示例得到帮助，帮助他人爱之循环，互帮互助Passage 1人与自我听中肯的话并相应改变自己自我管理，积极向上Passage 2人与自然小狗走失后又奇迹般返回家中相亲相爱，和谐共处Passage 3>Passage 15.A.ConstantlyB.FortunatelyEarlier that evening,my mother called,C.SuddenlyD.Surprisinglytlling me that my brother died in a car crash.I6.A.call forB.ask forstumbled(跌跌撞撞地走)around the house1C.talk aboutD.get acrosswhat to put into the suitcases.My husband,7.A.TouchedB.ShockedLarry,and I had been packing for moving to NewC.ConfusedD.AmusedMexico.The house was in (a)total 28.A.minutesB.hoursI tried to hold my tears.I 3 picked thingsC.weeksD.decadesup and put them down.I couldn't 4.What I'd9.A.satisfactionB.funeralheard on the phone echoed(回荡)through myC.smilesD.wishesB.stoodhead.10.A.laidLarry phoned a few friends.5,someoneC.restedD.settledasked to speak to me."If there is anything I can11.A.releasedB.helddo,let me know..”“Thank you,”Ireplied..IC.stoppedD.causedB.concentratingdidn't know what to 612.A.keepingThe doorbell rang and I rose slowly for theC.insistingD.dependingdoor.It was Donna.13.A.thoughtsB.rooms“I've come to clean your shoes,”she said.C.sadnessD.luggage14.A.specificB.normal7,I asked her to repeat."When my fatherdied,it took me 8 to get the shoes cleaned andC.challengingD.perfectshined for my father's 9,"she said.I hadn't15.A.ideaB.personalityC.identityD.needeven thought about shoes.Shoes were gathered.Donna 10 herself onPassage 2the floor and got to work.The love in the act 11When I was in Grade 6,I knew a girl.Shemy tears.Watching her 12 on one task helped1to point out my shortcomings and alwaysme pull my 13 into order.Laundry first,Isaid I was very thin,I wasn't a good student,andtold myself.One by one,the jobs fell into place.so on.I tried not to care what she said.2,Ibecame very angry in the end.I cried and ran toNow whenever I hear of an acquaintance'sloss of a loved one,I think of one 14 task thatDaddy.suits that person's15.If the person asks,Daddy asked,"Are the things she says true or“How did you know I needed that??”I'd reply,not?Lisa,didn't you ever 3 what you'rereally like?Well,you now have that girl's 4."Because someone did that."Go and make a 5 of everything she said and1.A.forgettingB.imaginingmark the points that are true.Pay no attention toC.wonderingD.searchingthe other things she said."2.A.damageB.failureTo my 6,I discovered that about half theC.despairD.messthings were true.Some of them I couldn't 73.A.aimlesslyB.helplessly(like being very thin),but a good student I couldC.quicklyD.decisivelyand suddenly I 8 to change.For the first time4.A.hurryB.decideI got a clear 9 of myself.C.focusD.move《英语59Nothing seek,nothing find.