4.【典型情境题】下图表示培育某种植物白花突变体的流程，下列答案D叙述错误的是解题分析本题考查人体生命活动调节过程中的一些比值变自交一川。儿。太空有中b4b一→b无基因突变)化。剧烈运动时细胞呼吸产生CO2的量/消耗O2的量与安静状态→b4b深红花S粉红花M粉红花N白花N时相等，A项错误；寒冷环境下正常人体产热量/散热量与常温环A.培育白花N的过程中发生了基因突变、基因重组和染色体境下相等，B项错误；午餐前血液中胰高血糖素的含量/胰岛素的含变异量比午餐后大，C项错误；静息电位下神经纤维膜内Na+含量/K+B.深红花S与粉红花M或粉红花N杂交，子代均为深红花含量，比动作电位下小，D项正确。C.粉红花N与白花N杂交，子代有粉红花和白花D.白花N的自交后代不会发生性状分离，能稳定遗传答案A6.某省某乡村的人们在原有的稻田上修了公路，公路的两边种植解题分析本题考查遗传和变异的相关知识。培育白花N的了许多麦草、花卉和乔木，几年之后形成了独特的公路群落，与过程中发生了基因突变和染色体变异，A项错误；深红花S与粉红公路附近的稻田群落相比，公路群落具有良好的防风固沙、绿化花M或粉红花N杂交，子代均为深红花，B项正确；粉红花N与白环境等生态功能。下列相关叙述错误的是花N杂交，子代有粉红花和白花，C项正确；白花N的自交后代不A.喜阳乔木形成的遮阴环境有利于耐阴草本植物的生长会发生性状分离，能稳定遗传，D项正确。B.稻田群落演替为公路群落的过程中，群落的空间结构不会发生变化C.人类活动能改变群落演替的速度，也能改变群落演替的方向D.公路群落中的植物为鸟类提供了良好的栖息空间，有利于稻田害虫的防治5.下列有关人体生命活动调节过程中比值变化的叙述，正确的是答案BA.剧烈运动时细胞呼吸产生CO2的量/消耗O2的量比安静状解题分析本题考查群落的相关知识。喜阳乔木比较高大，态时大其下方形成了一定的遮阴环境，为耐阴草本植物的生长提供了生B.寒冷环境下正常人体产热量/散热量比常温环境下大长环境，A项正确；稻田群落演替为公路群落的过程中，群落的空C.午餐前血液中胰高血糖素的含量/胰岛素的含量比午餐后小间结构会发生变化，例如，垂直结构和水结构更加复杂，对阳光、D.静息电位下神经纤维膜内Na+含量/K+含量比动作电位下小空间等资源的利用率更高，B项错误；人类活动既可改变群落演替的速度，又可改变群落演替的方向，C项正确；公路群落中的植物为鸟类提供了良好的栖息空间，有利于鸟类捕食和躲避敌害，也有利于稻田害虫的防治，D项正确。23新教材老高考·D·理科综合（生物学部分）

6.答案C命题透析本题以古代哲学家的观，点为情境，考查唯物主义的有关知识，考查考生调动和运用知识的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。思路点拨材料中的观点都将物质等同于具体的物质形态，认为世界是物质的，坚持了唯物主义的根本方向，本质上是正确的，属于古代朴素唯物主义思想，②③正确，④不选。辩证唯物主义正确揭示了物质世界的基本规律，①不选。7.答案D命题透析本题以漫画为情境，考查唯心主义的知识，考查考生获取和解读信息的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。思路点拨“生病了，不用上医院，给神烧张纸就能好”，这种观点把神灵看作世界的本原，反映了客观唯心主义的思想，③④符合题意。①属于主观唯心主义，②属于古代朴素唯物主义，均与题意不符。8.答案A命题透析本题以毛泽东关于马克思主义的讲话为情境，考查马克思主义中国化的知识，考查考生获取和解读信息的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。思路点拨“必须将马克思主义的普遍真理和中国革命的具体实践完全地恰当地统一起来，和民族的特点相结合…决不能主观地公式地应用它”，强调了马克思主义只有与本国国情相结合、与时代发展同步，才能焕发出强大的生命力，要在实践中不断推进马克思主义中国化，①②正确。③④说法太绝对。9.答案D命题透析本题以列宁关于哲学中的物质概念的观，点为情境，考查世界的物质性的有关知识，考查考生调动和运用知识的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。思路点拨“对象、物、物体是在我们之外、不依赖于我们而存在着的，我们的感觉是外部世界的映象”，可见，哲学上讲的物质是不依赖于人的意识，并能为人的意识所反映的客观实在。辩证唯物主义的物质概念，概括了宇宙间客观存在着的一切事物和现象的共同本质，而不是指某一种具体的物质形态。D项正确。10.答案C命题透析本题以霍金的关于宇宙起源的观，点为情境，考查世界的物质性的有关知识，考查考生获取和解读信息的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。思路点拔“由于存在万有引力等定律，因此宇宙能够，而且将是从无到有自己创造了自己”“没必要借助上帝引燃蓝色导火线，让宇宙诞生”，②④正确。霍金的观点承认了宇宙的客观性，①错误。霍金的观点属于唯物主义，③错误。IANY●ULTURE11.答案D命题透析本题以幻觉的产生为情境，考查意识的有关知识，考查考生调动和运用知识的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。思路点拨幻觉的产生或许与大脑中的一种神经递质分泌紊乱有关，比如多巴胺分泌过度。这体现了人脑是意识活动的物质器官，D项正确。意识不仅是人脑的机能，而且是对物质世界的反映，A项说法错误。材料没有体现意识的产生，B项不选。人的意识根源于物质，是从意识的内容来说的，C项与题意不符。12.答案A命题透析本题以错觉现象为情境，考查意识的本质的知识，考查考生调动和运用知识的能力，考查科学精神学科素养。—2

在国家层面，儒家认为不节俭是奢侈、僭越。孔子提出要“节用而爱人，使民以时”。孟子强调唯有“俭者不夺人”，以节俭实现“财不可胜用”的治国目标。荀子则指出“足国之道，节用裕民而善威其余“强本而节用”，则可盆国盆民。在家族层面，儒家认为俭”，不者意突出个体，而是体现群体，强调个人对家族和民族国家的贵任。所谓家俭则兴，人勤则健，能慟能俭，永不贫贱”。在后世浩如烟海的家训中，大都把“俭”放在突出位置，告诫治家要修养节俭之德，勿染骄智之风。如北宋司马光在《训俭示康》中训诚家人“旗身节用远罪丰家”。清末名臣曾国藩更是躬行节俭，在其传世的“曾氏家书中指出：“居家之道，惟崇俭可以长久，处乱世尤以戒箸侈为要义。”在个人层而，儒家认为“静以修身，俭以养德”是上至精英、下至白姓“口用而不知的行为准则。孟子要求人“寡欲”，“养心莫善于寡欲。其为人也寡欲，虽有不存焉者，寡矣：其为人也多欲，虽有存焉者，寡矣”。苟子对于“欲“的态度较孟子宽容，但也提出了节欲”，谓“欲虽不可尽，可以近尽也：欲虽不可去，求节也”。(摘编白周秋光、黄召凤《儒家节约思想的当代价值》，《湖南日报》2021年1月)材料三：古人以敛”释俭，如“俭者，敛也”。因能直观展示出个体的节俭力度和决心而较易得到外界的关注和赞誉，个体由此获得的强烈认同感和愉悦感，又推动其在后续行为屮坚特和强化节俭这种行为。久之，就会形成对物欲的良好管理，使之处于一个合理范围，有效防止物欲泛滥。俭德的最低标准就是不浪费，其实质是对劳动果实的爱惜和对自然资源的保护。首先，对劳动果实的爱惜，就包含着对劳动和劳动者的理解、认可与尊重。需要注意的是，古代社会生产力水低下，人们可直接观察到稼穑之艰难”以及劳动果实之不足，从而更易于尘发和强化对劳动果实的珍视情感：而现代社会生产力发展迅速，劳动产品日益丰宿，劳动形式也发生转变，枚有些人对劳动艰辛的认知以及对劳动果实的珍惜护始弱化，客观上造成了毫不在：总的浪费。其次，自然资源是人类社会发展的必要物质储备，但并非取之不尽，用之不竭。如果对自然资源不节制使用，即使数量充足最后也会枯竭俭德并不追求无限节俭，而是主张量入为出。即根据自野实际经济能力规划女，反对超出能力的消费。不过，这诈不意味着拥有曰额金钱就可以追逐暂华，肆意消费。一方面，个体金钱虽有明确归属权，但是通过金钱消耗的资源则属于所有人另一方面，对资源的过度消耗，本身就与节俭要求相背离。因此，人们赞誉那些贵而持俭、富而居俭的典范，这些人虽身居高位或家境富足或受万众嘱日，但都崇俭戒箸。(摘编自王颖《俭德的意义》，《光明日报》2020年11月)4.下列关子原文内容的理解和分析，不止确的一项是（3分)A.网络带货要良性发展，不仪需要网红个体节制贪欲，也需要合白律以及法律约束。B.消费的节俭既能使个体受到外界赞誉，又能推动其后续行为的强化，有效防止物欲泛滥。C.荀子认为欲望虽然不可去掉，但可以对它圳以节制，他的节欲比孟子的赛欲相对宽容。D.传统儒家文化认为“俭”，不只是突出个体，更强调个体对家族和民族国家的责任。5.根据材料内容，下列说法正确的一项是(3分)A.“斧斤以时人山林一粥一饭，当思来处不易”，这些说法体现出人J对劳动果实的珍视与保护。B.作者在阐述俭德的实质时，将古代与现代的生产力进行对比，论述了现代社会浪费产生的客观原因。C.国家一改包容审慎的监管方式，对薇娅等直播台主播重罚，使新业态的发展更健康、完善、合法。D.“俭德”认为即使现在拥有充足的资源，也反对超出能力的消费和对资源的消耗，这与荀子的节欲观一致。

第二节听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。①6-7AB6.Where are the speakers?A.In Scotland.B.In Italy.C.In India.7.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A.Travel experiences.B.Gestures in different cultures.C.Interesting traditions in Europe.

2023届全国高三单元定向检测卷·语文（一）参考答案1.(1)①顺理成章②难以言喻③迫不及待(3分)(2)①第一处主语“我”只出现一次，表明说话人语速极快，情绪急迫，表明照相时的紧张、兴奋，唯恐自己照得不好看；②第二处主语“你”再三出现，形象地展现出跟朋友照相时大家互相帮对方检查，期望留下美好形象的友爱、互助的美好氛围。(4分)2.(1)B(流连忘返：玩乐时留恋不愿离开。留恋得忘记了回去。留恋不舍：依恋着不愿回去。形容依依惜别的情貌。前者侧重形容对美好景致或事物的留恋；后者侧重形容不舍的情貌。根据语境，此空应选“流连忘返”。演绎是“铺陈、发挥”的意思。表演：戏剧、电影、音乐、舞蹈、曲艺、杂技等演员把情节、人物或技艺表现出来。根据上文，当选“演绎”。体验：通过实践来认识周围的事物。体会：体验领会。这里与“社会百态”搭配的只能是“体验”。“体会”一般与思想感情搭配。责无旁贷：自己应尽的责任，不能推卸给别人。义不容辞：从道义上讲不允许推托、拒绝。前者强调责任；后者强调道义。根据语境，此空应选“责无旁贷”。)(2)D(A项与上一句衔接不紧凑；B项语序不当，“全面”应修饰限制谓语动词“呈现”；C项“呈现…悠悠岁月等这些细节”搭配不当。)(3)C(A项借代；B项没有修辞；C项比喻；D项对仗。)3.(I)B(“偏爱”不符合下文语境，应该是“偏见”。数字阅读的主体应该是青年人，所以称“青年人的数字阅读”。指出明确的对象，用“对于”，不用“关于”。)(2)C(“不可思议”现多指无法想象，难以理解。“耐人寻味”形容值得让人仔细体会、琢磨。根据下文“对于青年人数字化阅读持批评态度的多是中老年”，这里选“耐人寻味”。“忧心仲忡”形容心事重重，非常优愁、担心。“患得患失”指对于个人的利害得失斤斤计较。根据下文“流露出‘一代不如一代’的喟叹”，这里选“忧心仲忡”。“毋庸讳言”形容用不着隐讳，可以直说的内容。“心而论”意思是心静气地给予公正评价。根据下文“将青年人的数字阅读与肤浅化、碎片化、娱乐化等同起来并无足够的说服力”，这里选“心而论”。“有失公允”指未能做到公恰当，这会引起人们的不满。“公报私仇”指假借公事报私人的仇恨。根据上文“将阅读的负面性存在一股脑儿地推给青年人和数字阅读”，这里选“有失公允”。故选C项。)(3)A(原句有四处错误：①搭配不当，“数字阅读青年人”改为“青年人的数字阅读”；②关联词搭配不当，“即使”改为“固然”；③宾语残缺，“娱乐化”后面加“的倾向”；④主语残缺，“并非”前面加“这”。只有A项修改正确，故选A项。)4.(1)C(“国计民生”指国家经济和人民生活；“天下苍生”指天下的老百姓。根据语境，第一空应填“国计民生”。“薪火相传”喻指学问和技艺代代相传；“接续奋斗”则强调接上前人的奋斗继续奋斗。根据语境第二空应填“接续奋斗”。“矢志不渝”指立志不会改变；“坚定不移”则更侧重于突出对信念的坚定。根据语境，第三空应填“坚定不移”。“不负韶华”指不辜负美好的时光、美好的年华，与下文中的“时代”衔接更紧密，所以第四空填“不负韶华”。)(2)B(A项和C项，“迈向航天强国”和“攀登科技高峰”语序不当。D项，“是”“里程碑”“树起”搭配不当。B项没有错误，故选B项。)(3)D(D项与文中引号作用相同，都表示特殊含义和突出强调；A、C两项都表示引用，B项表示特定称谓。)5.(1)A[“息息相关”，呼吸相关联，形容关系密切。“一脉相承”，由一个血统或一个派别传下来，强调人或事物间的传承关系，根据语境中华文化与中国的前途命运关系密切，第一空选用“息息相关”。“同仇敌忾”，全体致地仇恨敌人。“群威群胆”，群众团结一致所表现的威力和胆气。根据语境“面临外敌”，第二空选用“同VVO敌X6©大POF”,ZSS是醒人们注意。“振臂一呼”，挥动胳膊呼喊（多用于号召）。根据语境章太2022/08/2317(28届全国高三单元定向检测卷·语文（一）参考答案第1页（共2页）】新教材一AKH

Festival,and over 150 students took part in it.At 9 am,all the students andteachers arrived at the foot of Nanshan Mountain.Excited and energetic,westarted climbing,appreciating the scenery along the way.Mr.Li told usabout the origin and customs of this festival,and even recited The OrchidPavilion Preface written by Wang Xizhi.Everyone said it was enjoyable and unforgettable,which was also anideal chance to learn more about traditional Chinese culture.答案解析第3版本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是人与社会之科学与技术。瑞士研究人员在给三名瘫痪者的脊髓放置植入物后，他们又能站了起来！1.D。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，脊髓可以在头部和下半身之间传递重要信息。2.D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，与以往的研究不同，该研究中植入物收到的信息并非来自病人的大脑，而是来自电脑。因此可推测，以往的植入物可以接收到来自大脑的信息。3.B。推理判断题。通读全文尤其是最后一段可知，虽然这种技术可能会给瘫患者带去希望，但目前这种治疗方法并不完美，仍有种种弊端。因此，作者站在一个客观的角度进行了评价。4,C。推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者首先解释了人为何会瘫痪，以此引出瑞士科学家发明的能够帮助瘫痪者站立的脊柱植入物，并详细介绍了该发明的原理、优点与不足，并表明了科学家们对此技术的期望。因此，作者的目的是介绍文中的脊柱植入物。第4版本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境是人与自然之自然生态。科学家认为文化塑造了人类的生物进化，因此人类有别于其他拥有文化的生物。但是现在有研究表明同样的情况也发生在了虎鲸身上。不同文化族群的虎鲸拥有不同的基因组，这说明虎鲸的基因受到它们所处族群文化的影响。1.B。细节理解题。根据第二段可知，富特和他的同事们研究了五种不同的虎

13.be thirsty for 14.be proud of...15.be thankful to sb.16.ahead of...17.along with 18.be responsible for..19.set out20.separate from21.go one's separate ways【句型复现】1.remember meeting 2.took the time to explain3.Shall we 4.to be thankful to5.where you came fromTEST FOCUS1-5 BABAD 6-10 CDBCB第3版Section A(1a-2d)I.1.double 2.method 3.standard4.keyboard 5.instructionsII.1.in a row 2.doing a survey 3.is patient with4.guided;to5.take a break fromSection A(3a-4b)I.1.ours 2.caring 3.texts4.overcoming 5.levelsII.1.preparing for 2.makes a mess 3.look back at4.went by 5.graduated fromIII.1.I'm looking forward to your early reply.2.Our math teacher is always on time for class.3.You should keep your cool when you are in trouble.4.With the help of his father,John learnt to swim quickly.5.My sister is much better at tennis than I am.

in singing,dancing,and acting while also allowing them to feel as though they were 49 ofThe researchers found evidence 68 the snake,a young Egyptian cobra,had been deniedsomething.This camp 50 impacted the way I view both the world and the profound impact peoplewater while alive.It was likely killed by a severe break of its backbonecan have.The children came from all backgrounds,and we had some homeless children,undocumentedThe researchers found the snake's mouth open.These 69 (find)suggest the snake had beenchildren,and many children who had experienced gang-related 51 throughout their lives.I cannotpart of an“opening of the mouth”ceremony.fully 52 the happiness it brings me to be able to 53 a creative outlet for them.I 54 believeGraves-Brown noted that the finding supports 70 early)evidence that the act was carriedin the importance of art and expression and I feel incredibly grateful to have been able to share thatout with animals.The scientist added,"We know it was carried out on humans.'with them.This experience has reminded me how 56 it is to give back to others.I have alsofound a greater 57for everything I have been 58 enough to experience.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）Volunteering59 me a better person because it gets me outside of myself.It puts my 60第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分on others.I am grateful to those I have met假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有41.A.reviewingB.approvingC.volunteeringD.attempting10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改42.A.raisingB.distributingC.varyingD.counting增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词43.A.noticedB.rememberedC.motivatedD.intended删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉44.A.experienceB.projectC.dreamD.schedule修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词：45.A.zoneB.workC.lineD.secret注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词46.A.choseB.receivedC.movedD.served2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分47.A.howeverB.otherwiseC.insteadD.certainlyI found it difficulty to study in senior high school because I couldn't keep up class and nearly48.A.delayB.regretC.joyD.educationdropped out.The problem was what I was not confident.Then coming Miss Li,my English teacher.49.A.partB.centerC.reminderD.burdenShe told me to try much hard.Whenever I lost heart,he would encourage me:You can make it.I50.A.slowlyB.carelesslyC.basicallyD.carefullyspent a plenty of time memorizing words.We meet in her office each morning and she would urge me51.A.connectionB.touchC.violenceD.witnessto read English for at least 20 minutes.Eventually,something amazed happened and I got high marks52.A.copyB.expressC.indicateD.presentin English.I really owe my great progresses to my teacher53.A.constructB.organizeC.relateD.share第二节书面表达（满分25分）》54.A.trulyB.formerlyC.temporarilyD.casually55.A.tradeB.trickC.skillD.gift56.A.regular盟中学生英语杂志《Today Teens》昨天组织了全国中学生防疫知识大赛。请以“PandemicPrevention Knowledge Contest Held Yesterday”为题，写一篇新闻报道，内容包括B.importantC.anxiousD.attractive1.大赛的基本情况；57.A.appreciationB.informationC.restrictionD.experiment2.大赛的意义。58.A.slightB.gradualC.openD.lucky参考词汇：pandemic传染病59.A.comparesB.exchangesC.makesD.selects注意：1.词数100左右60.A.significanceB.focusC.recognitionD.response2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Pandemic Prevention Knowledge Contest Held YesterdayScientists recently used 3D imaging technology to look inside the mummies (of a cat,abird,and a snake.The research is helping experts learn more about how ancient Egyptians 61(treat)animals.Researchers said that they used a special technique,X-ray micro CTscanning,to look inside themummies.The scanning process permits the scientists 62 (study)the mummies while keepingthem whole.The CT scans were much more 63 (detail)than medical CT scans.Carolyn Graves-Brown,a writer of the study,64 (lead)the Egypt Centre at SwanseaUniversity in Britain,noted that 65 three mummies were likely made as gifts to the gods thatEgyptians believed in.The dead animals were thought to serve 66 a link between Egyptian godsand living people.The mummies had long been in Swansea's collection.Experts are not sure of 67 (they)exact age.上轮复联考（四）全国卷英语试卷第7页（共8页）一轮复联考（四）全国卷英语试卷第8页（共8页

commen sectncom websitermd Tell them"like your product.but Im worried about this package.Is itreeyeble?"Ak them.Wait for an answer.Don't be too hard on yourself.Personally,you are not going to solve the plastie waste problem,but you're notalone in wanting to do so.A lot of people are also making decisions based on theirconcerns.If you join them in adopting some of the small changes we've discussedhere,it could add up to something meaningful.40A.tell companies how you feel.B.So just do the best that you can.C.Look for sustainable“swaps'”.D.Replace old items with new ones.E.Many people come up with a lot of solutions.F.Once you have your list,do a little more homeworkG.The following is something we can do to be part of the solution.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B,C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As I work in the garden,I take my time and the garden is teaching me aboutworking with the earth.I 41 that there will be both successes and 42 andthere are many things that affect them both.The quality of the seeds planted is 43 to how the plants will grow.The英语试题（七）第12页（共16页）

【解析】考查词性转化。此处应该用名词作of的宾语，故填achievement。5.an【解析】考查冠词。have an interest in.意为“对…感兴趣”.放填a.6.designed所g国法得入限文的品点月9】【解析】考查过去分词。本句中已有调路动词枚空处应为非调路动词：又因g与其逻辑主语为动疾关系，故过去分词designed.7.its初代资医积热清定地，n母可月时气气【解析】考查代词。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词，故填s:8.through通高心诗密心天家下清【解析】考查介词。句意为通过教学计划和文化交流来促进中国语言和文化的发民，故填山意19.what【解标】考查连接词.分析句子可知，they haved for the为宾话从何：空格处在宾强从句中作narranged的宾语，故填what。10.which语沙，度酒价游于时港0到外减关冷学《清0】【解析】考查关系代词。关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，指代前边整个句子，故填whih。,。。六【篇章导读】酒文化在中国源远流长·本文介绍的是在中国常见的几种酒，生方谢雪刷分查等《油1.traditional【解析】考查形容词。此处修饰名词sves,作定语.需用形容词形式科孙空读打0心，点多(2.are produced【解析】考查时态语态。句子的主语与produce之间为动宾关系，因此需用被动语态，本文讲述的是一般事实·因此需用一般现在时态。水波心0一游食的路普丹承是年今骑象价提0避建附这存里消：3.is【解析】考查主谓一致。句子的主语Yellow wine是单数，因此需用is。4.commonly,教芬好的我同爱物修资单词网深查学《】【解析】考查副词。此处修饰数词需用副词形式。5.an管传1#重门得页级省t学【解析】考查冠词。part是单数可数名词.而且important是以元音音素开头的单词.需用an。6.made【解析】考查非谓语动词。wine与makc间为被动关系，因此需用过去分词形式。此处是作后置定语.修饰wine.7.persons海容，0帝痛0，形冰时神的是空，速还4游学时解☆清阳》【解析】考查名词。依据后而的谓语动词take可知·主语需用复数形式。8.among/with开车剑对每此拉静说诗钟海写阴资发错1【解析】考查介词。表达“受…欢迎”之意，需用be popular with sb.搭配。的词9.which【解析】考查定语从句。此处指代先行词wine,在定语从句中作主语.因此用which来引导非限定性定语从句。10.including【解析】考查非谓语动词。include与some Western之间为动宾关系，因此需用现在分词形式，，文【七【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家研究发现，与农村的树相比，城里的树长得更快但是死亡率却更高。1.to survive【解析】考查不定式。本句中是形式宾语；结合句意，不定式复合结构“or十名词十不定式”作真正的宾语，所以本题应用不定式to survive。2.which【解析】考查关系代词。空格处引导非限制定语从句.且引导词作从句主语，指代前面整个句子.故填whih【得3.he done下拉露彩丝2022届高考复全程精练·专题卷（新高考）英语参考答案第12页

第39期参考答案阅读理解过关第1版A)1-5 FFTFTB)1-5 FTFFT共同关注C)1-5 CCBBDD)1-5 DABDC1.see,feel and touch2.Philadelphia,USA3.sevenE)1-5 BACCCF)1-5 CABDD第2一3版G)1.23(years old)2.Three.3-5 BCA完形填空过关H)1-5 CEDAFA)1-5 BACDD6-10ABACD第4版B)1-5 BCDAA6-10 DBABC阅读提升1-4DBAA

25.What can we learn about Alston's restaurant?A.It opens part-time.B.It has a big kitchen.C.It provides dining space.26.Why is Alston confident in his business?D.It serves in a food trailerA.The travel industry will recover sooB.He has moreme torn the resarC.ThereurinmreativelybleDCustomers make good comeon hise27Which festeblA.Demanding.C.Ambitious.D.Caring.B.Humorous.CIn habitatscros the planet,animals periodically drop everythingtowakfly swimtoanew place.Wildlifeuwhales and geeseea migration paths by following theirthersmllnrdsgantheisddiectiooftherigtionwithin their geneticAnd ommalsuse a combination of genetics and culure toguide their migration.Another group of migrators docs not quite fit either model,and researchers have onlyrecently started to figure out how they find their way.Take the Cory's shearwater,an oceangoingseabird that migrates over the Atlantic every year.The young do not migrate with their parents,soculture cannot explain their journeys.And the exact paths vary wildly from individual toindividual,making genetics equally unlikely.Cory's shearwaters are long-lived,rarely producing young successfully before age nine.This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns.Researcherscall this the“exploration-refinement'”,and until now it has been hypothetical(假设的)because ofdifficulties in tracking migratory animals'movements.But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150of the birds aged four to nine.They found that younger birds traveled longer distances,forlonger periods,and had more diverse paths than older birds."We finally have evidence of the"exploration-refinement'for migratory birds,"says Letizia Campioni,who led the study.Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults-but they do not,suggestingthat the young do more exploring,which gradually fades as they mature and settle into apreferred route.Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies,"exploration-refinement couldbe beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictableman-made changes,"says Barbara Frei."It might be safer to repeat a behavior that wasreceny sucessfu than to rely on patterns that were perfected long go but might no longerbe safe.”28.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.It describes animals'habitats.B.It talks about migration models.C.It compares different species.D.It introduces a tracking technology.2.What does thenderid wordin Paragraphreerto?A.The opening for learning and practice.B.The unique living habit of Cory's shearwaters.C.The way Cory's shearwaters form their migration patters.D.The proces scientists rack Cory'sewatersmovements.中生长直强区名校联考信自爸·务2夏

现在，你有5秒钟的时间阅读第1小题的有关内容。停顿00'05”(Text 1)W:Can you tell me how to use this computer?M:Sure.First you have to turn it on.Just press the "Power"button.(Text 2)M:Are you from Germany?W:No,my friend Cindy is.I'm from France.I'll travel to Japan with her.(Text 3)M:Do you think I should play my new song in the club?W:I don't know.It seems a bit modern for the group of people.I think they'll be expecting something more tra-ditional and quiet.(Text 4)W:Passengers,attention,please.We are passing through a strong wind in the air.For your safety,please re-main in your seats with belts fastened.M:What's happening?I hope everything will be OK.W:Calm down,please!The wind is dying away.(Text 5)M:What's my share of the bill?W:Eighteen fifty.M:That can't be right.I only had a salad for dinner.W:Don't get excited.Let me see if it is correct.第一节到此结束。第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。(Text 6)W:Jim,do you like watching films on the Internet?I like it very much.M:Sure.It is much simpler to look at online reviews,choose a movie,pay a little to download it and then settledown to watch it.W:That's right.M:I don't have to go to town,line up for tickets and then sit in a crowded and uncomfortable cinema.W:Well,there's certainly a much wider choice available,and buying the one you want is easy,too,but I won'ttake too much notice of the reviews made by other buyers online.They're even not reliable.The reviews ofthe art critics in the newspapers are more trustworthy.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。现在，你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。(Text 7)W:Hello.Peace Clinic.Can I help you?M:Yes,this is Jimmy Carter.W:What's wrong with you,Mr Carter?M:I saw Dr Brown last week.She gave me medicine and advised me to take things easy.But now I feel even【高三英语·参考答案第2页（共8页）】·23-302C·

during"Ju Can".Some reports show that the annual waste of grain in China is close to 6%of thetotal grain output,of which,the waste rate of a large party is as high as 38%.The food waste isdriven by people's flamboyant nature-they think the plates must be full and taking away packedfood from a party is"disgraceful.The dishes at a dinner party have become a symbol of aperson's wealth and having too many dishes at the menu has become fashionable,thus promotingwaste.(但这些通常节俭的人往往在“聚餐期间浪费食物。有报道称，中国每年的粮食浪费接近粮食总产出的6%，其中很大一部分人的浪费率高达38%。食物浪费源于人们的浮夸天性一他们认为盘子必须是满的，从聚会上拿走包装好的食物是“可耻的”。宴会上的菜肴已经成为一个人财富的象征，菜单上有太多的菜肴已经成为一种时尚，从而助长了浪费)”可知，本段主要陈述了人们聚餐造成食物浪费的现象以及背后的原因。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Small to a person,a family,big to a country,the whole humanrace,to survive,to develop,we have to be frugal.Being frugal does not mean being mean,itsimply means one is wise enough not to waste food.If the culture of diligence and frugality ismore widespread in all countries,it would provide for a stronger foundation for national securityand family happiness..(小到一个人，一个家庭，大到一个国家，整个人类，要生存，要发展，我们就必须节俭。节俭并不意味着吝啬，它只是意味着一个人足够聪明，不浪费食物。如果勤劳节俭的文化在所有国家更加普及，将为国家安全和家庭幸福奠定更坚实的基础)”推知，作者通过这篇文章主要告诉我们，我们应该珍惜粮食，养成节俭的好惯。故选C。D篇【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰的一个学生团队发明了一种叫做ZEM的电动汽车，这种汽车不仅在驾驶时不产生二氧化碳，而且实际上可以从空气中提取二氧化碳。32.细节理解题。根据第二段中Called“ZEM”,which stands for“zero emission mobility',thecar is equipped with special devices that remove carbon dioxide from the air as it drives.(车被称为“ZEM,意思是“零排放机动性”，它配备了特殊装置，在行驶过程中可以去除空气中的二氧化碳。)”可知，ZEM的特殊之处在于它能降低空气中的二氧化碳含量。故选C。33.推理判断题。根据第二中The team says if ZEM is driven about32,000 kilometers,it canremove 2 kilograms of carbon dioxide from the air.That's not a huge amount.The team calculatesthat 10 ZEM cars on the road for a year would remove as much carbon dioxide as a typical treedoes during that time.(研究小组说，如果ZEM行驶约32000公里，它可以从空气中清除2公斤的二氧化碳。这不是很多。研究小组计算出，10辆ZEM汽车在公路上一年清除的二氧化碳排放量相当于一棵普通树一年吸收二氧化碳的量。)”可推知，研究团队在第二段计算ZEM吸收二氧化碳的量是为了表明对ZEM汽车的美好憧憬，故选A。34.细节理解题。根据第三段“ZEM also has several other innovations that help to make itmore capable of being sustained:the car's frame and panels()are 3D printed to reduce waste;it was built using recycled and recyclable materials;and it can be easily taken apart so that manyof its parts can be reused.ZEM's battery is also reusable,and has another handy feature:it can becharged with solar panels on the car's roofand can even be used to provide power to your house

绝密★启用前京师AI联考2023届高三质量联合测评全国乙卷（一）英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.When is the school bus expected to come?A.8:10.B.8:15.C.8:25.2.What will the woman do next?A.Start a new business.B.Celebrate with her colleagues.C.Spend some time with her family.3.What are the speakers talking about?A.The weather.B.The weekend plan.C.The Chinese Folk-Art Exhibition.4.What do we know about Forest?A.He'll be left home alone.B.He'll stay with the neighbors.C.He'll take a flight to New Zealand.5.What is the relationship between the two speakers?A.Workmates.B.Husband and wife.C.Doctor and patient.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项第1页共10页

ENGLISH￥全国教辅类一级报纸®新课程高二课标(选择性必修3)第33期总19702期2023年2月14日星期二主管单位山西省教育厅主办单位山西教育教辅传媒集团编辑出版学英语报社杜长吕夺明总编李若编审Nancy E.Riley国内统一刊号CN14-0702/(F)网址http:/ww,xyybs.com(温馨提示：登录学英语报社官网htp:lwww.xyybs..com下载本期配套教学PPT)TEST YOURSELF学英语)服务号《学英语》订阅号Jnit4,(选择性必修)Book3本期资源码：td6c1c关注报社微信公号，回复ClassName入资源码获取对应资源Marks■试题命制：《学英语》报社试题测评组第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）》第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）7.What happened to the woman's computer?例：How much is the shirt?A.Its software didn't work.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。What does the woman do?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15B.Its screen turned blackA writer.答案是C。C.Its screon turned blue.B.A reporter.听第7段材料，回答第8至10甄A hostess

1/10高二英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。)2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。种3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。如第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选数项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。长例：How much is the shirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.Ui3张答案是C。区1.What will the weather be like in the afternoon?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.2.What is Ted doing?A.Holding a meeting.B.Making a speech.C.Working on his report.和3.How did Mike feel about the opera?A.Satisfied.B.Disappointed.C.Confused.4.When will Mary have a job interview?、A.At 9:00 am.B.At 10:00 am.C.At 3:00 pm.5.Who is the woman most probably talking to?A.A repairman.B.A customer.C.A car salesman.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What will Paul do tomorrow morning?A.Take classes.B.Play a computer game.C.Go on a field trip.7.What is the relationship between the speakers?A.Mother and son.B.Father and daughter.C.Teacher and student.【高二英语第1页（共10页）】·23-551B·

第1期A1版Keys:(One possible version)封面故事1.They used yeast cells.2.Because many of the mechanisms that cause cells to age are similar in living things.九年级Unit1基础能力训练听力原文及参考答案听力原文第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C“三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.W:Michael,I know you can speak English very well.What about other foreign languages?M:I can also speak French.2.W:The summer holiday is coming soon.How are you going to spend it?M:I will go to Beijing with my cousin Jim.We are going to take part in an English summer campin a college.3.W:English is my favorite subject.How about yours,John?M:I like Chinese best,but I always get good grades in physics.W:Wow,I'm glad to hear that.I do badly in physics.Can you help me with it?M:Sure.Maybe we could study together on weekends.4.M:You speak English so well.Are you from America,Linda?W:No,I'm from Australia.I started to learn English from an early age.5.M:Our singing club is amazing.Would you like to join it?W:I'd love to,but I have already joined the dancing club and the reading club.第二节：听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前你有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。W:You look sad,Kevin.What's the matter?M:I didn't pass the English final exam last Friday.W:I am sorry to hear that.What problems do you have?M:I have trouble understanding English grammar.W:Maybe you should buy a good grammar book.It can be helpful.M:OK,I will buy one.Then how should I improve my reading skills?W:I think you should read some English magazines.M:Good idea.But the new words also trouble me.W:Don't worry about that.When you meet new words,you can guess their meanings or lookthem up in a dictionary.M:Thank you.I hope I can do better next time.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。W:Jim.You came back really late today.Did you stay at school to do homework again?M:No.But I played chess with my classmates.W:I called you,but you didn't answer the phone.

Thank you for your email!Everything is going well for me at my new school.I have a newfriend named Zhang Wei.We are friends because we both like playing soccer and swimmingWe also share some common interests,like reading books and watching movies.However,there are some differences between us too.Zhang Wei is really good at math andscience,but I like English and social studies more.He also likes spicy food,but I don't.All in all,I'm really glad that I met Zhang Wei and that we became friends.It's nice to havesomeone to talk to and play with.I hope we can stay friends for a long time!Yours,LiHua【书面表达写作指导】本次写作要求回复一封邮件。在写作时，需要将自己的新朋友是谁、你们成为好朋友的原因以及和这位朋友的相似之处和不同之处写清楚。可适当发挥。人称以第一人称和第三人称为主，时态主要用一般现在时。注意行文逻辑、语言简练，无单词拼写、语法错误。。5/5

72.fifteenth 73.party74.for75.gets六、A76.He is from London.England.77.Her birthday is on October 5th.78.Lucas's sister's birthday is on November 16th79.Max likes to eat chicken and fish80.Lucas has the school art festival on the first Friday in November.B.81.Some big days for meSome days of the year are big days for me.I always remember them.The first big day is New Year's Day.It is on January Ist.On that day,my classmates and I havean evening party in our classroom.We sing and play games.The second big day is the second Saturday in May.On that day.our class has a class trip.Ilove taking trips.The last big day is December 22nd.My birthday is on that day.I always have a big dinner withmy parents.These big days are happy days.I really love them.【书面表达写作指导】本次写作要求介绍一年中你认为重要的日子。写作时，按照提示展开来写即可。人称以第一人称为主，时态用一般现在时。文章完成后，要通读全文，检查语法是否正确、有无拼写错误。

第二部分1 阅读（共两节，满分50分) 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳 选项。 A Do you know there are apps that make it easy to help others, our planet,and ourselves,so we lead more meaningful lives? Check out four of the best ones and spring into action! My Windows This app connects visually impaired people in need of some help with sighted people with a few minutes of spare time to offer through video calls.The help needed may be something like find- ing a missing object in the home.This app is available in over 150

第二节（共5小题；每小题5分，满分25分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Here's a new reason to be an optimist. 15 Pessimists, of course,might have suspected this all along-but now there's actual research behind it. Scientists found the most optimistic people live an average of 11 to 15 percent longer than their more pessimistic peers.In pre vious studies,researchers have found that more optimistic people tend to have a lower risk of diseases and early death,said Lewina Lee,the lead researcher and a psychiatry professor at Boston U- niversity School of Medicine."16 Optimists generally expect good things to happen in the fu-

fortable in Beijing then. M:That sounds like a good idea! W:So what's your plan for the summer? M:I planned to go to London with some friends.But they're not available.So I'll just stay in Los Angeles and do some part- time work. (Text 10) W:Hello,everyone.Welcome to our program.I'm Jenny Jackson.The weather here in Juarez has become unbearable. With no rains for over a year,the city is suffering from unusually hot weather.Some light showers have been forecast since last month,but all of them have been effective in surrounding areas. Summer has not even started yet,but temperatures have reached

3.How does the man feel about Dr Smith's speech? A.Interesting. B.Moving. C.Disappointing. 4.What is the woman's monthly salary? A.$250. B.$500. C.$750. 5.What does the woman most probably do? A.She is an editor. B.She is an athlete. C.She is a housewife. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题 中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位

(call)milkweed to lay their eggs. But monarch butterflies have been facing growing problems these years.As more and more wild land has been turned into large farms,monarch butterflies have had trouble 61 (find) enough milkweed.Many farms also use chemicals 62 will kill insects in order to protect their plants.These chemicals also affect monarch butterflies.Besides,pollution has made milk- weed less 63 (health)for monarch butterflies than it used to be. 64 (scientist)say monarch butterflies will be in danger of dying out in the next 20 years if nothing 65 (do)to save them.Things that people can do to help include planting milk weed,controlling the use of chemicals,protecting wild areas, and planting trees.

48.D每一份作业都经过了她全面的研究和分析，这样她就可以 给我们高质量的意见和建设性的建议。 49.B 50.D 在她看来，她的职责并不会在学年结束时停止。 51.A 直到她的学生的生命的终点，她的职责才会停止。 52.C AIrs Roos不会轻易给学生A,但是她期望自己的学生能够 去争取。 53.A 此外，当学生需要她的帮助时，她更愿意提出B计划。 54.D 当我们无法完成每周一次的任务时，她愿意在原有的课堂 之外花时间帮助我们。 55.A 56.B 因为她对学生极其严格，我原以为这让她不受欢迎。 57.D

(2)根据材料二并结合所学知识，对黄宗羲的看法加以评论。(10分)得理解漫省新能婴，第分关更停金代行四T负饮，将林织的5关只人个，一18.阅读材料，完成下列要求。(16分)材料有学者认为“现代革命”是指过去1000年里，特别是过去300年里，人类历史发生的更迅速、更具本质性的转型。关于经济领域发生“现代革命”的动力存在的多种解释，如下表。内解释视角基本观点“偶然”的地理因素，如煤的埋藏、距离的远近，可以解释特定国家地理论或区域创新速度的加快思维方式和思维态度的深刻变迁，刺激了新的商业和技术方法的观念论产生劳动生产力的最大提高以及生产中技能、熟巧程度和判断力的进商业论一步完善，源于相互贸易每一种“生产方式”都会形成一种社会类型，一定的生活方式和技社会结构论术与一定的社会结构是相互关联的现代世界所特有的人口增长率的突然提高是创新增长的主要刺人口论激力量摘编自[美]大卫·克里斯蒂安《时间地图：大历史导论》(2003)历史试题（雅礼版）第5页（共7页）